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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia. Definition. Greek for “split brain” Term used to describe a collection of brain disorders that cause the afflicted to interpret reality in a extremely abnormal function It is not the same as dissociative personality disorder (multiple personality disorder)

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Schizophrenia

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  1. Schizophrenia

  2. Definition • Greek for “split brain” • Term used to describe a collection of brain disorders that cause the afflicted to interpret reality in a extremely abnormal function • It is not the same as dissociative personality disorder (multiple personality disorder) • Schizophrenia is a chronic disorder

  3. Symptoms • No known cause, although research indicates genetic and environmental factors • Imaging studies show that the brains/CNS of schizophrenics are different

  4. Risk Factors • Family history • Exposure to viruses, toxins, malnutrition during preganancy • Stress • Older age of parents • Psychoactive drug use during adolescence/young adulthood (brain is still developing, particularly in the most advanced areas)

  5. Difficulties • Suicide • Self-destructive behavior, such as self-injury • Depression • Abuse of alcohol, drugs or prescription medications • Poverty • Homelessness • Family conflicts • Inability to work or attend school • Health problems from antipsychotic medications • Being a victim or perpetrator of violent crime • Heart/Lung Disease, often connected with heavy smoking

  6. Categories of Schizophrenia • Childhood: typically, onset of schizophrenia occurs in late teens-late 20s. For some, signs of schizophrenic behavior appear much earlier (e.g. Jani) - Signs include late motor development, unusual repetitive behaviors, social withdrawal, and decreased interest in self-care. -life-long disorder, treated w/ medication

  7. 2) Paranoid Schizophrenia: individual loses touch with reality, including presence of delusions and/or hallucinations. • Because memory and concentration may not be affected, those afflicted may be able to function within society. • Emotional distance • Others out to harm you (delusions)

  8. 3) Catatonic Schizophrenia: loss of touch with reality combined with abnormal physical behavior. Physical behavior can go from coma-like states to extremely agitated movements. -physical immobility • Waxy flexibility • Echolalia, echopraxia • Stereotyped behaviors • Excessive mobility • Extreme resistance to being moved Note: because of better treatment, catatonic schizophrenia is rarely seen.

  9. 4) Disorganized schizophrenia: defined by words, thoughts and behavior that fail to make sense. • Afflicted often become frustrated, and lash out • “Word Salad” • Because of thought disorganization, hard to plan/coordinate/take care of oneself

  10. Affiliated disorders • Schizoaffective Disorder: person has combination of schizophrenic symptoms as well as symptoms of either depression or bipolar disorder. • Schizoid Personality Disorder: loner, lack of social relationships, poor at recognizing social cues, aloof, poor performance at school/work. Possible associated with child abuse/neglect

  11. 3) Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Similar to schizophrenia, except that those with it: • Experience far less delusions/hallucinations, both in intensity/frequency; and • Usually can be made aware of their distorted thoughts versus reality.

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