1. Anthem by Ayn Rand

2. Who Am I? • Answer this question in your composition book.

3. Ayn Rand • Born in Soviet Union 1905 • Escaped from USSR in 1926 to the United States • Wrote Anthem in 1937- it shows how collectivism can take over a man’s individuality.

4. Anthem It is a sin to write this. It is a sin to think words no others think and to put them down upon paper no others are to see… There is no transgression blacker than to do or think alone.”

5. Anthem is not just a depressing story but rather it is about: The Triumph of the Individual’s Independent Spirit; the Triumph of those who reject the ethics of collectivism.

6. Who Am I? • Do my wants and needs come before the wants and needs of our society? Should what I want come before What is best for our society?

7. Collectivism • the practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it. • the theory and practice of the ownership of land and the means of production by the people or the state.

8. Individualism • 1. the habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant. • self-centered feeling or conduct; egoism. • 2. a social theory favoring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

9. Utopian Society-Ideal (perfect) What would your Utopia look like?

10. Anti-Utopia • The world presented is the world as it should not be. • It is the worst possible society • Society is tyrannical yet has a highly technological economy • It is a stagnant and primitive society in which there can be no growth or prosperity

11. Prometheus Prometheus was one of the Titans. He stole the sacred fire from Zeus and the gods. Prometheus did not tell Zeus In punishment, Zeus commanded that Prometheus be chained for eternity in the Caucasus. There, an eagle (or, according to other sources, a vulture) would eat his liver, and each day the liver would be renewed.

12. Gaea • Gaea, or Mother Earth, • was the great goddess of the early Greeks. She represented the Earth • and was worshipped as the universal mother.

13. Key Facts • Type of Work: Novella • Genre- Dystopia; manifesto; romantic realism • Narrator: Equality 7-2521 • Point of View: First person (without the use of “I” • Tone: Straightforward manner, no trace of irony • Tense: Present tense

14. Continued • Setting (time)- future • Setting (place) an unidentified city (tunnel underground for most of the story and then it moves to the forest) • Antagonist- Society • Protagonist: Equality 7-2521 • Conflict: internal (struggle for self identity) • Rising action: Equality discovers a tunnel And begins hiding in it to write and conduct experiments. He tries to share his invention

15. continued • Climax- Equality 7-2521 presentation of the light-bulb to the World Council permanently severs him from society and forces him out onto his own. • Falling Action- Equality 7-2521 and the Golden One pursue their lives together. They discover the meaning of “I”

16. ThemesA central idea in a piece of writing or other work of art: • Primacy of the individual (ego) • Value of martyrdom (selflessness) • Impotence of the collective Original creation as a component of identity • Free will vs Determinism

17. Motifsa recurring subject, theme, idea, etc. • Fear • Naming • Shapelessness

18. Symbolsa thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract. • Light • Forest • Manuscripts Genre • Romantic Realism • It shows the universal problems and values of human existence

19. Romanticism verses Naturalism • People are crushed by social forces and cannot • Control their own destiny • It is realism because it deals with real problems of normal people (not robots, monsters or super • Humans.

20. ForeshadowingHint of things to come >The death of the Transgressor foreshadows the torture and exile of Equality 7-2521 • Equality 7-2521’s obsession with Forest foreshadows his exile there; • The Golden One’s attempts to say “I love you” foreshadow the epiphany of her discovery of the word “I:”

21. Hero’s Journey • https://ed.ted.com/on/NasN4gdw