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EL1101E

EL1101E . Syntax tutorial. PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES. S NP-VP NP (Det)-(AdjP)-N-(PP) VP V-(NP)-(PP) PP P-NP AdjP (AdvP)-Adj AdvP Adv. Q1a. under the bridge . Q1a. PP P NP. P Det N under the bridge . Q1a. PP. NP. P. N. Det.

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EL1101E

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  1. EL1101E Syntax tutorial

  2. PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES S NP-VP NP (Det)-(AdjP)-N-(PP) VP V-(NP)-(PP) PP P-NP AdjP (AdvP)-Adj AdvP Adv

  3. Q1a. under the bridge

  4. Q1a. PP P NP P Det N under the bridge

  5. Q1a. PP NP P N Det under the bridge

  6. Q1b. fell into the pond

  7. Q1b. VP V NP V P Det N fell into the pond

  8. Q1b. VP PP V P NP fell Det N into the pond

  9. Q1c. this silly picture of Ai

  10. Q1c. NP Det AdjP N PP Det Adj N P N this silly picture of Ai

  11. Q1c. NP Det PP AdjP N NP P Adj picture this N of silly Ai

  12. Q1d. Pat loves Robin passionately

  13. Q1d. S NP VP N V N Adv Pat loves Robin passionately

  14. Q1d. S VP NP AdjP NP V N Adv loves N Pat passionately Robin

  15. Q1e. Robin talked to the manager over the phone

  16. Q1e. N V P Det N P Det N Robin talked to the manager over the phone S NP VP

  17. Q1e. S VP NP PP V PP NP P N NP talked on Det N P Det N Robin to the phone manager the

  18. Q2.1 S The sentence is grammatical. NP VP N V NP Oge xa N ika

  19. Q2.2 The sentence is ungrammatical. NP VP Det N V NP Ye amu vo N oge

  20. Q2.3 The sentence is ungrammatical. NP VP N N V Det Ika oge xa ye

  21. Q2.4 S The sentence is grammatical. NP VP N Det V NP Oge ye vo N Det ika ye

  22. Q2.5 S The sentence is grammatical. NP VP N V NP Amu xa N oge

  23. Q2.6 NP VP The sentence is ungrammatical. V N NP ika Vo N oge

  24. Q2.7 S The sentence is grammatical. NP VP N Det V NP Amu ye vo N ika

  25. Q2.8 Det N N V Det oge ye xa ika Ye The sentence is ungrammatical.

  26. Q2.9 VP NP NP V The sentence is ungrammatical. Xa N Det amu ye

  27. Q2.10 S The sentence is grammatical. NP VP N Det V NP Oge ye xa N amu

  28. Q3 Where has John put the car? Argue that where originated to the right of the car a) Johnhasputthecar inthegarage. b) * John has put. c) * John has put the car. d) * John has put in the garage. e) * Where has John put the car in the garage? S NP Aux VP NV NP PP DetNP NP DetN

  29. Q3 Where has John put the car? Argue that where originated to the right of the car a) Johnhasputthecar inthegarage. b) * Johnhasputthe car in the garage. (Direct Object + PP missing) c) * Johnhasputthecarin the garage. (PP missing) d) * Johnhasput the carinthegarage. (Direct object missing) Observation: Acceptable when sentence contains both direct object and PP. S NP Aux VP NV NP PP DetNP NP DetN

  30. S → NP (AUX) VP Subject Auxiliary Inversion S NP Aux VP NV NP PP DetNP NP DetN S Aux NP VP N V NP PP DetNP NP DetN Underlying Structure Derived Structure Johnhasputthecar inthegarage. Has Johnputthecar inthegarage?

  31. Q3 Has Johnputthecar inthegarage? e) * Where has Johnputthecar inthegarage? (Extra PP) Observation: Acceptable if sentence contains only ONE PP. Has John put the car in the garage where Where has John put the car where Where must have originated to the right of the car and was moved to sentence-initial position in the surface structure.

  32. Q4 Wanna-Contraction: Optional pronunciation of Want to as Wanna

  33. Appropriate use of Wanna-Contraction

  34. Appropriate use of Wanna-Contraction Common trend in answers: “I want to ____.”

  35. Inappropriate use of Wanna-Contraction

  36. Inappropriate use of Wanna-Contraction Common trend in answers: “I want (subject/NP) to ___.”

  37. Transformation Conversion of a statement to a question (acceptable case): I want to visit James. I want to visit who? Who do I want to visit [trace]? Trace - Empty (phonologically null) category that occupies a position in the syntactic structure.

  38. Transformation Conversion of a statement to a question (unacceptable case): I want James to look after my pets. I want who to look after my pets? Who do I want [trace] to look after my pets?

  39. Thank you.

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