Presentation Objectives

1. Presentation Objectives At the conclusion of these sessions participants will be able to: • Identify common hazards associated with machine guarding • Describe guarding concepts and techniques • Identify general machine guarding standards and requirements • Identify woodworking standards and requirements

2. MISSING DIGIT

3. Dangerous moving parts in these three basic areas need safeguarding: • The point of operation:that point where work is performed on the material, such as cutting, shaping, boring, or forming of stock. • Power transmission apparatus:all components of the mechanical system which transmit energy to the part of the machine performing the work. These components include flywheels, pulleys, belts, connecting rods, couplings, cams, spindles, chains, cranks, and gears. • Other moving parts:all parts of the machine which move while the machine is working. These can include reciprocating, rotating, and transverse moving parts, as well as feed mechanisms and auxiliary parts of the machine.

4. PART I OSHA STANDARD 29 CFR 1910 SUBPART O

5. Part 1910 Subpart O - Machinery and Machine Guarding • 1910.211 - Definitions. • 1910.212 - General requirements for all machines. • 1910.213 - Woodworking machinery requirements. • 1910.214 - Cooperage machinery. [Reserved] • 1910.215 - Abrasive wheel machinery. • 1910.216 - Mills and calenders in the rubber and plastics industries. • 1910.217 - Mechanical power presses. • 1910.218 - Forging machines. • 1910.219 - Mechanical power-transmission apparatus.

6. Section 1910.212 is a general (or (horizontal) standard that applies to all machines not specifically mentioned elsewhere in other sections of Subpart O. Other sections are specific (vertical) standards that apply to particular types of machines; e.g., Section 1910.213 applies to woodworking machinery

7. (a)(1) "Point of operations" means that point at which cutting, shaping, boring, or forming is accomplished upon the stock. (c)(2) "Calender" means a machine equipped with two or more metal rolls revolving in opposite directions and used for continuously sheeting or plying up rubber and plastics compounds and for frictioning or coating materials with rubber and plastics compounds. (d)(7) "Direct drive" means the type of driving arrangement wherein no clutch is used; coupling and decoupling of the driving torque is accomplished by energization and deenergization of a motor. Even though not employing a clutch, direct drives match the operational characteristics of "part revolution clutches" because the driving power may be disengaged during the stroke of the press. Definitions - 1910.211

8. Machine guarding. 1910.212(a)(1) • One or more methods of machine guarding shall be provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from hazards such as those created by point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips and sparks

9. Meat Slicer 1910.212

10. Paper slitting operation Stock is fed through unit Stock is placed in unit Stock is trimmed into 2” x 5” finished cards

11. Metal slitter

12. METAL CUTTING BAND SAW FALLS UNDER 1910.212 WOOD CUTTING BAND SAW FALLS UNDER 1910.213

13. Horizontal Band Saw 1910.212

14. Table Saw Cutting Plastic 1910.212

15. 1910.212(a)(2) • Guards shall be affixed to the machine where possible and secured elsewhere if for any reason attachment to the machine is not possible. The guard shall be such that it does not offer an accident hazard in itself.

17. 1910.212(a)(3)(i) Point of operation is the area on a machine where work is actually performed upon the material being processed.

18. 1910.212(a)(3)(ii) The point of operation of machines whose operation exposes an employee to injury, shall be guarded.

19. 1910.212(a)(3)(ii) The guarding device shall be in conformity with any appropriate standards therefor, or, in the absence of applicable specific standards, shall be so designed and constructed as toprevent the operator from having any part of his body in the danger zone during the operating cycle. Press Brake Safeguarding

20. 1910.212(a)(3)(iii) • Special handtools for placing and removing material shall be such as to permit easy handling of material without the operator placing a hand in the danger zone. Such tools shall not be in lieu of other guarding required by this section, but can only be used to supplement protection provided. Pliers with curved handles for two-handed usage Duckbill pliers Right Angle Jaw Tongs For Handling Flanged or Cupshaped Work Pieces Feeding Tongs A lightweight Tweeter Made of Steel Springs Vacuum-Tongs For Feeding Positioning Heavy Formed Parts Magnetic Lifter “Twist-Off Tong Device used to Tube or Cup Double Magnet with Release Lever Double Cup Lifter with Release Button

21. Revolving drums, barrels, and containers • Must be guarded by an enclosure which is interlocked with the drive mechanism

22. Fan Blades • When the periphery of the blades of a fan is less than 7 feet above the floor or working level, the blades must be guarded with a guard having openings no larger than ½ inch. Not an effective guard

23. 1910.212(b)Anchoring Fixed Machinery • Machines designed for a fixed location must be securely anchored to prevent walking or moving

24. Woodworking Machinery Requirements 1910.213

25. 1910.213(a)(9) All belts, pulleys, gears, shafts, and moving parts must be guarded in accordance with the specific requirements of 1910.219.

26. 1910.213(b)(1) • A mechanical or electrical power control must be provided on each machine to make it possible for the operator to cut off the power from each machine without leaving his/her position at the point of operation.

27. 1910.213(b)(3) • On applications where injury to the operator might result if motors were to restart after power failures, provision shall be made to prevent machines from automatically restarting upon restoration of power.

28. 1910.213(g) Swing cutoff saws. • Hood that will completely enclose the upper half of the saw, the arbor end, and the point of operation at all positions of the saw. • Constructed in such a manner and of such material that it will protect the operator from flying splinters and broken saw teeth. • Automatically cover the lower portion of the blade, so that when the saw is returned to the back of the table the hood will rise on top of the fence, and when the saw is moved forward the hood will drop on top of and remain in contact with the table or material being cut.

31. Circular table saws - Hood over the portion of the saw above the table

33. 1910.213 (h) Radial saws. • Upper hood • Guard lower exposed portion of the blade • Ripping shall be provided with nonkickback fingers or dogs • Adjustable stop • Return gently to the starting position when released by the operator.

35. 1910.213 (i) Band and Band Resaws • All portions of the saw blade shall be enclosed or guarded, except for the working portion of the blade between the bottom of the guide rolls and the table. • Wheels fully encased. • Guard for the portion of the blade between the sliding guide and the upper-saw-wheel guard shall protect the saw blade at the front and outer side. • Self-adjusting to raise and lower with the guide.

36. Fully enclosed band saw

40. 1910.213(j)(3) Hand-fed jointer Automatic guard which will cover all the section of the head on the working side of the fence or gage. Cutting Head Unguarded Guarded

41. 1910.213(j)(3) Hand-fed jointer

42. 1910.213(m)(1) Wood shapers and similar equipment

43. 1910.213(o)(2) Cutting heads on wood- turning lathes

44. 1910.213(p)(1) Sanding machines. • Feed rolls of self-feed sanding machines must be guarded • Guard construction

46. 1910.215 Abrasive wheel machinery.