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Brown v. Board: Challenging Segregation, Paving the Way

Explore the origins, legal reasoning, and historical impact of the landmark case Brown v. Board of Education, which ruled racial segregation in schools unconstitutional and set the stage for desegregation efforts across the United States.

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Brown v. Board: Challenging Segregation, Paving the Way

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Presentation Transcript

  1. By Page, Alex, Zander, and Dawson

  2. Origins Of The Case • In the early 1950’s, the school system in Topeka, Kansas operated, like any other school, under the phrase “separate but equal.” • Reverend Oliver Brown, a parent of a student named Linda Brown, was mad that his daughter had to take a long bus ride to her “black school” even though they lived near a “white school” • The previous case of this type of racism, Plessy V. Ferguson ruled that “separate but equal” WAS constitutional.

  3. Legal Reasoning • While the decision of the court case today seems like an easy decision, many Judges had a difficult time agreeing on a verdict. Many pointed out the case of Plessy V. Ferguson, which set the precedent of racial segregation for over 50 years. • Thurgood Marshall, the Lawyer who argued for Brown, spent years chipping away at the Jim crow laws. • Marshall had also already won two previous Supreme Court decisions. He would eventually become the first black Supreme Court justice

  4. Why it Mattered • This was one of the most important court cases because the court proceeding determined (unanimously) that racial segregation in public schools deprived minority students of equal protection under the 14th amendment. It determined that "separate but equal" wasn't really equal. • The Brown case ruling strengthened the Civil Rights movement. • This case was a huge step towards the end of segregation - integrating both black and white students in a school system helped to significantly improve racial tensions within the south.

  5. Historical Impact Brown vs. The Board Of Education influenced nearly all future integration decisions. • Topeka county informed the court that 123 african-american students were already attending schools that were previously all white prior to the case. • Following in their footsteps, Delaware, Kansas, and The District Of Columbia began integrating schools in 1954. In the same year Texas and Arkansas began integrating classrooms. • In Brown II (1955), the court required integration to take place with “all deliberate speed” • Brown still stands today as the “point in which breaking the “color barrier” officially became a federal priority.

  6. To Summarize: • Kansas schools were ¨separate but equal¨, meaning there were both black and white designated public schools • Reverend Oliver Brown proposed that this ¨separate but equal¨ statement went against the 14th Amendment, and he hired Thurgood Marshall to argue his case. • Although a precedent had been previously set by Plessey v. Ferguson, the courts ruled the segregation of schools is unconstitutional. • After this case many other states began integrating both white and black students into their school systems. This was accelerated by the supreme court once again, until eventually all school systems were able to adjust.

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