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Philosophies/Theories

Philosophies/Theories. Part II Postmodernism Liberation Pedagogy. Postmodernism. Questions the authority of canons Finding subordination in language (e.g., less advanced). Postmodernism. Friedrich Nietzsche (break from metaphysical philosophies, supermen)

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Philosophies/Theories

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  1. Philosophies/Theories Part II Postmodernism Liberation Pedagogy

  2. Postmodernism • Questions the authority of canons • Finding subordination in language (e.g., less advanced)

  3. Postmodernism • Friedrich Nietzsche (break from metaphysical philosophies, supermen) • Martin Heidegger (existentialist phenomenology - authentic person) • Jacques Derrida (deconstruction - analysis of “texts”) • Michel Foucault (truth-power relationship)

  4. Postmodernism Metaphysics • Rejects it • Scientific method not objective, relative to the group that uses it Epistemology • Examine human past and present to find construction and expression related to power • Truth only meaningful when expressed through language • Deconstruction is essential

  5. Postmodernism Axiology • Trace genealogy of morality • No single set of moral values (though standards do exist) • Beauty is relative (though those in power tend to control artistic and cultural institutions)

  6. Postmodernism Education • Schools are used by those in power to sustain their position • Question the canon • Recognize that all claims to knowledge involve efforts to retain power • Instruction involves “representation” (the processes individuals and groups use to interpret and give meaning to their experience, through language, stories, images, music, and other cultural constructions) • Curriculum should be flexible and cross-disciplinary - encourage dialogue and analysis)

  7. Liberation Pedagogy • Education that frees a person from domination and oppression • Conscientização (consciousness raising) • Must study history and discover how properly to define and interpret it • Examine material conditions of the society - who has power? what are institutions?

  8. Liberation Pedagogy • Paulo Freire (literacy campaign) • Ivan Illich (deinstitutionalization and deschooling; needless pursuit of materialism)

  9. Liberation Pedagogy Metaphysics - rejected Epistemology • Connection between thinking and action - must identify oppressors’ constructions and then reject them to create true knowledge Axiology • Are values freely chosen or are they imposed by oppressors? • Authentic decision making (free from imposed values)

  10. Liberation Pedagogy Education • Avoid the trap of believing the rhetoric of the oppressors • Instruction must lead to critical analysis • Teacher is also a student • Teachers must take a stand against oppression

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