Updates on CDF Operations and Physics Results (October 2006)

1. Status of CDF Robert Roser & Jaco Konigsberg October 20, 2006

2. Outline • Detector Operations • Offline Operations • High Luminosity Running • Physicist Resources • Streamlining • Physics • B_s • Top Quark Mass • Higgs • Conclusions

3. Publications * Submitted+Accepted+Published thus far • We currently have ~50 papers under internal review

4. Detector Operations at a Glance • 653 pb-1 delivered in FY06, 82% to tape • ~5% trigger deadtime, ~5% beam conditions, ~5% problems 2.0 fb-1 delivered 1.6 fb-1 to tape

5. Silicon Aging Like Fine (California) Wine Innermost layer of SVX 92% 85% ● powered ● <1% error Silicon should operate well for the duration of Run II

6. COT Gain vs. Time Inner layer Outer layer Jan.2002 Aug.2005 Central Outer Tracker • COT enjoying a breath of fresh air…

7. Offline Operations • Computing will always require attention. • Dealing with continually larger data sets and faster acquisition of data, and evolving technology • Highlights of this years Successes include • Reduced operational load • Enhance GRID computing capabilities • Maintained 6 week turn around for data this past year • Standard Ntuples now made in an automated fashion • MC production done off-site, code sped up 30-50% • We are moving toward an incremental model • “once and done!”

8. Preparations for High Luminosity • dE/dX turned off on COT for inner layers • No significant loss in particle ID expected • XFT Trigger Upgrade • Level 1 commissioning complete • 97% efficiency, exceeded expectationsmet fake rejection specs (3-5x) • Level 2 commissioning in progress • Matching in 3D to other objects, finer resolution • DAQ – building a bigger pipe! • event builder upgrade COMPLETE – achieved >900hz at 200e30 (was 200 hz) • CSL – bandwidth increased from 20→80 Mb/sec

9. XFT upgrade project • XFT originally only utilized axial layers • Upgrade adds 3 stereo layers to 4 layer axial XFT system • better fake rejection • better resolution

10. fake reduction fakes with old system fakes with new system factor 7-8 reduction! Phi

11. Triggering at High Luminosity • Run at 2.3e32 thus far • identified 5 triggers out of 150 that are misbehaving • We have a plan for dealing with each one • XFT upgrade • Configuring additional Level 2 CDF electronics to build a new calorimeter cluster finder • Don’t see any significant obstacles to developing a trigger table for 3e32 for discovery datasets

12. Resources

13. CDF Collaboration • 620 people from 61 institutions and 13 countries    FranceLPNHE,Paris

14. Addressing our Staffing Needs • We are taking the following steps • Maintaining our current resources • Understanding our needs • Aggressively recruiting new resources • Streamlining Operations

15. Understanding our Needs Doing it for all subsystems & ops tasks

16. Maintaining our Current Resources • Keeping the experiment vital • Making data analysis accessible • Staying in constant touch with our collaboration • Asking senior people to take leadership roles

17. Acquiring New Resources • New Fermilab International Fellowships to bring in a post doc and an experienced senior person • Working with funding agencies and universities to obtain supplemental monies where they can be most productive • Use guest/visitors funds to fill critical needs • Three new Groups interested in participating on CDF • New Institutions: Slovakia • Visitors: Greece, Mexico

18. Ph.D. Students Poll • Each institution sent: • # of Ph.D. students to join CDF [for thesis] • 45 responded (23 US & 22 non-US) Counting from ~1yr ago we have 90 new students ! ~ 2 yrs ago ~ 1 yr ago recently

19. Streamlining – The Point! • Capturing Knowledge • Getting to high quality data faster • Freeing up resources for other tasks

20. Doing more with Less • Detector Operations • Reducing shift crew by one person • Reassigning tasks within crew • Increased automation • Improved training • Remote Control Room in Italy • Replace one crew member on “local” owl shift • Offline • Automating detector calibrations • Single point submission for MC • Extensive automation of production farms • Physics • Automating various particle ID and trigger efficiencies • Automating MC and data validation • Automating b-tag efficiency and fake rates • Automating Jet Energy Scale

21. Physics Results

22. ICHEP - Moscow • 31 new 1 fb-1 results presented • Final conference summary talk covered our top mass, B_s mixing, and higgs results. • Higgs combo • diphoton • ZZ • HT emu • Z pt spectrum • triphoton • diphoton+met • l+gamma+X • ttbar+gamma • monojet • Bs mixing: semi-lept • Bs mixing: hadr • Bc->J/Psi pi • Lb lifetime • Chic x-sections • Orb. exc. B_s • etab->J/PsiJ/Psi • incl. Jet kt • incl. Jet cone • Kt distributions of particles in jets • mtop l+jets • mtop dilepton • mtop hadronic • top x-sec hadronic • W helicity I, II • WH->lvbb • ZH->llbb • ZH->vvbb • -

23. 2006 Physics Highlights to Date • B_s Mixing • Observation (9/25/06) • http://www.fnal.gov/pub/presspass/press_releases/CDF_meson.html • 3 Sigma Evidence (4/11/06) • http://www.fnal.gov/pub/presspass/press_releases/CDF_04-11-06.html • First observation of B baryon Σb • Press release in progress • Worlds single best top mass measurement • New Higgs Limits

24. Bs Oscillation: CDF 1 fb-1 April 2006 • Evidence: • 0.2% probability (> 3) random fluctuation would look like a signal • ms = 17.31 +0.33-0.18 ± 0.07 ps-1 • |Vtd / Vts| = 0.208 +0.001-0.002 (expt.) +0.008-0.006 (theo.) Lab Press Release on April 11: Fermilab CDF scientists present a precision measurement of a subtle dance between matter and antimatter. PRL 97, 062003 (2006) hep-ex/0606027

25. Bs Oscillation: CDF 1 fb-1 Sept 2006 • Observation: • 8 x 10-8 probability (> 5) random fluctuation would look like a signal • Effective statistics a factor of 2.5: Evidence became Observation. Lab Press Release on September 25: IT MIGHT BE… IT COULD BE… IT IS!!! Fermilab's CDF scientists make it official: They have discovered the quick-change behavior of the B-sub-s meson, which switches between matter and antimatter 3 trillion times a second. hep-ex/0609040

26. Bs Oscillation: CDF 1 fb-1 Sept 2006 • Observation: • 8 x 10-8 probability (> 5) random fluctuation would look like a signal • Effective statistics a factor of 2.5: Evidence became Observation. • ms = 17.77 ± 0.10 ± 0.07 ps-1 • |Vtd / Vts| = 0.2060 ± 0.0007 (expt.) ± 0.0081 (theo.) hep-ex/0609040

27. Top Quark Mass • Excellent results in each channel • Mtop (Combined)= 170.9 ± 2.4 GeV Mtop (stat.) = ± 1.4 GeV Mtop (syst.) = ± 1.9 GeV • Mtop determined to 1.4% • With < 1 fb-1, we have surpassed Run IIa (2 fb-1) Goal!

28. Postscript • Data makes us smarter… • B_s observation was made with the identical data set we used in the “evidence” analysis • Made use of more advanced analysis techniques including neural networks to separate signal from background… • Used more difficult partial decay modes to effectively expand our dataset • Top Mass is already better than our 2 fb-1 goal • A lot of work on jet energy scale • Better understanding of radiation • More sophisticated analysis techniques

29. The Future of Top • CDF Measurements will continue to improve

30. The Neighborhood for Higgs mW (GeV) Indicates Higgs is light (Mh < 166 GeV at 95% CL) Where Tevatron sensitivity is best! mtopTevatron = 171.4 ± 2.1 GeV!≈√ mtop (GeV)

31. Search for Higgs… • Tevatron is already within a factor of 3 in terms of sensitivity for SM Higgs at certain MH • We are continuing to develop the tools needed to optimize this measurement • We are optimizing our high luminosity trigger table for Higgs ~15 CDF + DØ Results combined. SM Sensitivity within a factor of 5-10 for 110 < Mhiggs < 200 GeV

32. Tracking Improvements • Still improving the performance of our tracking algorithms • Here we are making use of information in the “forward” direction to extend our tracking coverage

33. Standard secondary vertex b-tagging Mistag rate Tagging Efficiency B-tagging Improvements • Utilizing a sophisticated neural network and information / techniques from existing CDF tagging algorithms • Results in a 30% improvement in b-tagging efficiency for the same mistag rate • Charm Rate under control

34. Tevatron ~ 800 LHC Number of Physicists Year Discovered # of Physicists for Particle Discovery

35. Summary • CDF is firing on all cylinders • Detectors and Offline Computing are performing well • We have a plan for the “endgame” and we are executing it • We are publishing our physics in a timely fashion and have had several discoveries already this year • We expect several more before 2007 and many more before we pass the torch of the energy frontier

36. BACKUP

37. Signal-to-Noise ratio Empirical model for S/N predictions linear decrease in signal sqrt increase in noise Benchmarks for S/N SVT predicted to start losing efficiency at S/N<8 Run I: top quark discovery , S/N = 3 at the end of data taking There is no evidence S/N won't be good enough until the end of Run II

38. Standard secondary vertex b-tagging Mistag rate (uds) Positive tag rate (b jets) Standard secondary vertex b-tagging Positive tag rate (c jets) Positive tag rate (b jets) B-tagging Improvements • Utilizing a sophisticated neural network and information / techniques from existing CDF tagging algorithms • Results in a 30% improvement in b-tagging efficiency for the same mistag rate • Charm Rate under control

39. Search for Single Top s-channel production (W*) Single top is produced via weak interaction at a rate ~1/3 that of top. Allows direct measurement of Vtb. • Kinematically wedged between non-top and top signal, plus high backgrounds (S/B~1/20) require very sophisticated analysis techniques. • Use l +MET+2jet (>=1 btag) events: same signature as • s and t-channel searched jointly and separately (have different sensitivity to new physics).

40. Single Top Limits • (695 pb-1) has 2 analysis: • Neural Network • Multivariate Likelihood function 95% observed (expected) exclusion limit getting close to SM expectations! • Projections • (ignoring syst): • 2.4 s excess with 1 fb-1 • 3 s excess around 1.5 fb-1 Based on SM single top XS Stat error only