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RHETORICAL DEVICES

RHETORICAL DEVICES. Ms. Mauer ENG 3U Rosedale Heights School of the Arts. Allegory. An extended metaphor; a narrative in which the characters and sometimes the setting represent general concepts and ideas

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RHETORICAL DEVICES

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  1. RHETORICAL DEVICES Ms. Mauer ENG 3U Rosedale Heights School of the Arts

  2. Allegory • An extended metaphor; a narrative in which the characters and sometimes the setting represent general concepts and ideas • Example: fables in which personified animals are used to teach lessons of human conduct (e.g.: The Tortoise and the Hare)

  3. Denotation • The dictionary definition of a word, the specific and literal meaning • Example: “House” denotes the place where a person lives

  4. Connotation • Implied or suggested meaning which attach personal meaning to the word • Example: “Home” connotes intimacy, privacy, coziness

  5. Hyperbole • Exaggeration • Example: “My opponent in the wrestling ring was a hundred feet tall and made of concrete.”

  6. Imagery • An appeal to one or more of the senses by creating a vivid impression through the use of concrete details, adjectives, and figures of speech • Example: “The giant tree was ablaze with the orange, red, and yellow leaves that were beginning to make their decent to the ground.”

  7. Repetition • Used for emphasis and/or rhythm • Example: “It was a strange night, a hushed night, a moonless and restless night.”

  8. Analogy • An attempt to help the reader understand something unfamiliar by comparing it to something which they know • Example: Comparing an anthill to an urban centre helps to convey the fact that anthills are heavily populated, busy, and have regular patterns of movement

  9. Anecdote • A short, amusing, or interesting story, especially one that is true • Example: A mother tells her child about a family vacation she took while she was young.

  10. Abnormal Word order • Modifying the typical subject-verb sentence pattern • Example: normal word order (subject-verb) – “The actor’s worst nightmare stood laughing at him from the shadows.” • Example: abnormal word order (verb-subject) – “Laughing at him from the shadows stood the actor’s worst nightmare.”

  11. Balanced sentence • Two ideas are compared with each other in statements that are grammatically similar • Example: “Silence is as deep as eternity; speech is as shallow as time”

  12. Balanced sentence (contrasting) • Two ideas are contrasted with each other in statements that are grammatically similar • Example: “Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.”

  13. Climactic Word Order • Presents several facts in order, from least to most important • Example: “The young politician’s career rise was meteoric; after beginning as a municipal councilor, she became mayor, and three years later a Member of Parliament.”

  14. Parallel structure • Repeats words, phrases, or clauses in a series, for emphasis. • Example: “Government of the people, by the people, for the people…”

  15. Periodic sentence • Withholds an important part of the sentence until the end so that it doesn’t make complete sense until the last word is read. • Example: “Whether playing as a young, wild adventurer, a fugitive from the law, or a U.S. President, there is one actor whose films always make money – Harrison Ford.”

  16. reversals • Making a balanced sentence more memorable by repeating the words in reverse order • Example: “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.”

  17. Rhetorical question • A question in which the answer is already known or implied; it is not the author’s intention to have the question answered by the reader. • Example: “Can anyone deny that the microchip has revolutionized communication?”

  18. Sentence fragment • Incomplete, grammatically incorrect, word chunks which place emphasis on key words to create an overall effect, such as humour or suspense • Example: A cold room. A lonely room. A bare room. No place to spend twenty years of a life.

  19. understatement • Creates the reverse effect (and adds a touch of irony) by making a fact seem less significant. • Example: “Bruce Willis’ on-screen characters frequently find themselves in a bit of a jam.”

  20. Alliteration • Repetition of the initial sounds of words • Example: “As Frankenstein, Boris Karloff rambled, raged, and roared.”

  21. onomatopeia • Words that imitate or suggest sounds • Example: “Today’s films are as likely to feature the bleeps and buzzes of computers as the chirps of birds. Cascading waterfalls have been replaced by humming machines and whirring laser swords.”

  22. allusion • The use of a well-known reference to draw a comparison • Example: “Her roles in films such as E.T. and Irreconcilable Differences made Drew Barrymore the Shirley Temple of the eighties.”

  23. Now…it’s your turn! • Look at the handout titled “Second Examples” • Use your notes from this presentation to identify the rhetorical devices used in the examples on this sheet • You may work alone or with one partner on this task • This will be taken up before the end of class today, or at the start of class tomorrow

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