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Introduction to Statistics

Introduction to Statistics. What is Statistics?. In many cases, researchers want to know some things about a population - a very large collection of people, animals, places, or things. It is too costly to study the entire population, so a sample is selected to represent the population.

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Introduction to Statistics

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  1. Introduction to Statistics

  2. What is Statistics? • In many cases, researchers want to know some things about a population - a very large collection of people, animals, places, or things. • It is too costly to study the entire population, so a sample is selected to represent the population.

  3. Examples • Politician wants to know how he stands with the people. It takes too long and costs too much to ask everyone, so a poll is taken of a sample of people. • A factory produces several thousand products in a day and wants to know if the day’s products meet certain quality standards. Testing the product usually devalues it significantly (such as burning light bulbs or driving cars), so a sample is selected and tested.

  4. Examples • A drug company is developing a new treatment for a disease. The company needs to test the treatment to see if it works. They must test it on a sample of volunteers before the government allows them to sell it. • Every day millions of gallons of water are delivered to the A&M campus through our pipes. We can’t test every drop for bacteria and other harmful agents. We must rely on testing samples of water throughout the day.

  5. What is Statistics? • Statistics develops, studies, and utilizes various techniques of obtaining samples for these types of challenges. • Statistics develops and utilizes mathematical and graphical techniques to summarize the results from the sample. • Statistics develops and utilizes mathematical techniques to generalize the results from the sample to the population.

  6. Basic Outline of Course • Sampling Methods and Research Plans • Categorical Data (Proportions) • Numerical Data (Means) • Regression Analysis • Applications and Trends in Statistics

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