Genetic Engineering for Human Welfare

1. Genetic Engineering for Human Welfare Presented by: GhaznaSyed

2. Introduction to genetic engineering • Laboratory technique to change the DNA of living organisms. • Many enzymes which change the structure of DNA in living organisms. • Some of these enzymes can cut and join strands of DNA. • Scientists learned to cut specific genes from DNA and to build customized DNA using these genes.

3. Applications of Genetic Engineering • Genetically modified food • Genetic engineering in humans • Genetically modified animals Glo fish: the first genetically modified animal to be sold as a pet CC (Carbon Copy) was the first cat cloned

4. Applications of genetic engineering • Allowed farmers to use selective breeding • Plants are modified in order to gain maximum output. • Medicines are being made by the use of genetic engineering which could cure very severe diseases.

5. GE for human welfare • Genetic engineers believe they can improve the food we eat, the plants we grow and even the lives of human beings by providing cure to diseases through manipulation of genes • For example , tomatoes are sensitive to frost and fish can survive in very cold water……

6. GE for human welfare • New pharmaceuticals • Bioremediation • Vaccines and other drug. • Sustainable agriculture. • Treatment of genetic disorders and cancer. • Supplying new body parts. • New types of human beings • Increase the average life span of an individual • Forever Young.

7. Bioinformatics and genetic engineering • Handling and management of biological data • Communication among people, projects, and institutions engaged in the biological research and applications • helps in access, search and retrieval of biological information, documents, and literature needed for genetic modification of organisms. • analysis and interpretation of genetic data through the computational approaches • For example: Bioinformatics Toolbox 3.5

8. Bioinformatics and Genetic Engineering

9. Basic relation between bioinformatics and genetic engineering

10. Human genome project Bioinformatics has played a key role in the Human Genome Project. Rapid DNA sequencing that can then be stored in digital format has enabled researchers to carry out a multitude of research and clinical applications.

11. Genetic Engineering in Pakistan • Pakistan's recurring cotton leaf-curl virus (CLCV) • DNA based methods for the pre-natal diagnosis of Betathalassaemia. • Methods for early detection of tuberculosis, hepatitis, and breast cancer have also been developed. • Identified the gene responsible for Retinitis Pigmentosa, a hereditary degenerative disease, which leads to complete loss of sight.

12. GE in Pakistan • Dr. A.Q Khan Institute of Bio technologyand Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi • Department of Bioinformatics, Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad • Department of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad • National Institue of Biotechnology and Genetic engineering(NIBGE) • Dr. A.Q. Khan Research Labs, Islamabad • Department of Genetics, University of Karachi • Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB)Faisalabad • Department of Medical Genetics, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB) University of the Punjab • Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of SindhJamshoro

13. Conclusion • There are numerous concerns regarding the usage of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). • Currently there are three agencies that companies need to get sanction from before commercially selling their modified crops.

14. Conclusion • Issues of human health concern about GMOs • There are several environmental concerns about GMOs • In conclusion the genetic engineering is very important and a complex issue. • Better quality education of the public is crucial and sorely needed.