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Carbon 14 Family

Carbon 14 Family. History. The Carbon Family is made up of five elements that make up Group 14 They are Carbon(nonmetal), Silicon, Germanium(Metalloids), Tin and Lead(Metals). History . Carbon Was discovered by the first human to handle charcoal from fire Silicon

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Carbon 14 Family

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  1. Carbon 14 Family

  2. History • The Carbon Family is made up of five elements that make up Group 14 • They are Carbon(nonmetal), Silicon, Germanium(Metalloids), Tin and Lead(Metals)

  3. History • Carbon • Was discovered by the first human to handle charcoal from fire • Silicon • Was first obtained pure in 1824 by a Swedish chemist Jones Jacob Beryelium • Germanium • Is one of the elements the existence of which was predicted in 1821 by the Russian Chemist Dimiuti Mendeleev

  4. History • Tin • Goes back to 300-200 B.C.E. Tin mines were operating in both the metals as plates • Lead • Babylonians used the metals as plates, Romans used it for tables, water pipes, coins and even cooking utensils

  5. Everyday Use • Carbon: • Diamond rings and other diamond jewelry • Plants and Animals need carbon to survive

  6. Everyday Use • Silicon • Glass as silicon dioxide • Makes microchips for electronics • Tools

  7. Everyday Use • Germanium • Catalyst • Fluorescent lamps • Gama-radiation detector

  8. Everyday Use • Tin • Coat metals to prevent corrosion • Also used for tin cans

  9. Everyday Use • Lead • Batteries • Ammunition • Shielding against radiation

  10. Density • Carbon- 3.51g/ml • Silicon- 2.34g/ml • Germanium- 5.32g/ml • Tin- 7.26g/ml • Lead- 11.34g/ml

  11. Melting & Boiling Point • Carbon- M:3,500(diamond) B:4827 • Silicon- M: 1410 B: 2355 • Germanium- M: 937.4 B: 2830 • Tin- M: 231.88 B: 2260 • Lead- M: 327.502 B: 1740 • All temperature is in Celsius

  12. Properties of Atom • All atoms have 4 valence electrons • All are relatively un-reactive • Radii is when atomic radii and atomic volume increases gradually on moving down the group due to effect of extra shell being added from member to member • Electron affinity of carbon is 153.9 KJmol^-1

  13. Properties of Atom • Atomic Radius Ionic Radius • Carbon: 0.77 pm Carbon: - • Silicon: 111 pm Silicon:- • Germanium: 122 pm Germanium: 73 • Tin: 141 pm Tin: 118 • Lead: 144 pm Lead: 119

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