The Fabulous Fifties and The TurBULent Sixties

1. The Fabulous Fifties and The TurBULent Sixties Social and Political Events

2. Terms Fifties Sixties • G.I. Bill • Baby boom • Brown v. Board • Civil Rights • Rock and Roll • Sputnik • New Frontier • Cuban Missile Crisis • Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • Great Society • Counterculture • NASA

3. The Cold War 1950s 1960s • The Korean Conflict • Red Scare and McCarthyism • Suez Crisis • Rise of Castro in Cuba • Presidents Truman and Eisenhower • Vietnam War • Vienna Conference • Berlin Wall • Cuban Missile Crisis • Political Assassinations • Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon

4. Asia: The Domino Theory and Containment of Communism

5. Korean War Vietnam War

6. Map Directions—see atlas Korea—page 100-101 Vietnam—page 108-109 • Label the two Koreas and their capitals • Draw and label China, the Yalu River, Sea of Japan and Yellow Sea • Draw and label the 38th parallel • Draw and label the Demilitarized Zone or DMZ • Make a key and indicate Communist North (red)and Democratic South (brown) • Label the two parts of Vietnam with capitals, Laos, Cambodia, and Gulf of Tonkin • Draw and label the 17th parallel and DMZ • Draw and label the Ho Chi Minh Trail in red • Make a key and indicate communist (green)and non-communist areas (gold) before 1975

7. Compare and Contrast the Korean War and the Vietnam War—5 details for each circle

8. Casualties (2012) (for spending, see costofwar.com) Iraq Afghanistan • Fatalities: 4486 Total for both: 7442 • Wounded: 31,454 Total for both: 34,826 • Total Casualties: 42, 568 • Fatalities: 2956 • Wounded: 3372 • The federal budget allotted 24% for military spending

9. 50s Topics

10. Fifties Quotes—Match the speaker • “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away” • “…our little dog, Checkers…” • “I will go to Korea” • “An iron curtain has descended…” • “There are communists working in the government.” • Richard Nixon • Winston Churchill • Joseph McCarthy • Douglas MacArthur • Dwight D. Eisenhower

11. Fifties Presidents

12. APUSH Truman Years: 1945-1953 Eisenhower Years: 1953-1961 • Post-war Tensions, United Nations, Truman Doctrine, Berlin Airlift, Cold War • Fair Deal—Democratic President with a Republican Congress • 22nd Amendment Passed in 1947 • Taft-Hartley Act—limited union power • Election of 1948—Truman, Dewey (Repub), Thurmond (Dixiecrat), Wallace (Progressive)—False Headline, “Dewey Defeats Truman” • GI Bill of Rights, Baby Boom ,Suburban Growth and Rise of Sunbelt States—conformity and comfort • Korean War and desegregation of the armed forces • Election of 1952 over Dem. Adlai Stevenson • Vice-President Richard Nixon (Checkers Speech) • Ike went to Korea and resolved conflict • Modern Republicanism • Prosperity and suburban life • Interstate Highway System • Covert actions abroad (Iran and Venezuela) • Independence movements in Africa and Asia of former colonies • Suez Crisis—Eisenhower Doctrine • OPEC oil alliance and Arab nationalism • Spirit of Geneva and Khruschev • Hungarian Revolt • Sputnik • Berlin Crisis and Camp David Meeting • U2 Incident • Communism and Rise of Castro in Cuba • Ike’s warning about military industrial complex

13. Fifties Conformity Alexis de Tocqueville, a French political scientist, wrote in 1832: “I know of no country in which there is so little independence of mind as in America.” Explain why social critics in the 1950’s probably would have agreed with de Tocqueville’s criticism.

14. Conformity • Suburban living—see Levittown • “The American Dream” • Backyard patios replaced front porches • Anonymity—air conditioning, garages, lawns, fences

15. “Little Boxes”—song by M. Reynolds • Little boxes on the hillside,Little boxes made of ticky tacky,1Little boxes on the hillside,Little boxes all the same.There's a green one and a pink one And a blue one and a yellow one,And they're all made out of ticky tackyAnd they all look just the same. • And the people in the housesAll went to the university,Where they were put in boxesAnd they came out all the same,And there's doctors and lawyers,And business executives,And they're all made out of ticky tackyAnd they all look just the same. • And they all play on the golf courseAnd drink their martinis dry,And they all have pretty childrenAnd the children go to school,And the children go to summer campAnd then to the university,Where they are put in boxesAnd they come out all the same. • And the boys go into businessAnd marry and raise a familyIn boxes made of ticky tacky And they all look just the same.There's a green one and a pink oneAnd a blue one and a yellow one,And they're all made out of ticky tackyAnd they all look just the same.

17. Conformity… • Conservative Clothes • Conservative Politics (“We like Ike”) • Consumerism— “Keeping up with the Jones”—credit • Growth of corporate America and “white collar” jobs • Segregation

18. Conformity • Baby Boom and Dr. Spock’s ideas of raising children • Automobile—drive-ins, freeways, burger joints • Television (c. 1948)—united the American experience • TV was called “a vast “wasteland” • Game shows—scandal • Congressional Hearings on Communism in U.S.

19. McCarthyism: 1950-56

21. The Drive In Movie

22. Women • Middle class married women were housewives and full-time mothers

23. The Baby Boom

27. 50s TV Highlights • Nixon’s Checkers Speech • Evening News • Milton Berle Show • “I Love Lucy” • “Howdy Doody” • Mickey Mouse Club

28. Father Knows Best Leave it to Beaver

29. Fifties social themes… • Conformity (most significant) • Non-Conformity

30. 50s Examples of Non-Conformity • Pill Culture • Rock and Roll • The Beats • Coffee houses • Beatniks • Movies • Books and poetry • Juvenile Delinquents • Art • Architecture

32. Beatniks

33. Method Actors

34. Abstract Expressionism

35. The Guggenheim Museum

36. Social Themes of 50s and 60s 1950s 1960s • Overall perception of conformity • Suburbia • Consumerism • Segregation with efforts toward de-segregation • Conservative Clothes • Pills/Pharmaceutical Companies • Kinsey • Beatniks • Religion—most Americans went to church—added “Under God” to pledge • Overall perception of non-conformity • “California Dreaming” • More consumerism • More integration and beginning of busing • “Mod” • Drugs • Sexual Revolution “Summer of Love” • Hippies • Less religious—Vatican II brought changes for Catholics

37. Politics 1950s 1960s • Truman • Nixon’s “Checkers Speech” • “We Like Ike”—Eisenhower • Republican majorities • McCarthyism • Traditional Values • Civil Rights controversies • Concerns about Juvenile Delinquents • Election of 1960 • JFK— “High Hopes” • Goldwater— “In your heart, you know he’s right” • “All the way with LBJ” • Democratic majorities • Civil Rights and Vietnam controversies • Baby Boomers and youth-oriented politics • Democratic Convention of 1968 • Election of Nixon (Republican) • “The Silent Majority” • Urban riots • The personal became political and the political became personal

38. 60s Non-Conformity—overall theme • Hard Rock • Drug Culture • Flower Children • Hippies • Black Panthers • Nation of Islam • Draft dodgers • See counter-cultures • Examples of conformity

39. Election of 1960

40. President John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963 • Election of 1960– “High Hopes” • The Kennedys • Jackie and kids • Robert F. Kennedy • The New Frontier

41. Quotes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DqGOquw2K_U • “Do not pray for easy lives. Pray to be stronger men.” • “The torch has been passed to a new generation.” • “Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.” • “By the end of this decade, we shall go to the moon.”

42. Bay of Pigs • Peace Corps • NASA—Mercury Astronauts • Vienna Conference • Berlin Wall • “Ich bin ein Berliner” • Cuban Missile Crisis • Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

43. November 22, 1963 • Love Field • Lee Harvey Oswald • Texas School Book Depository • The Grassy Knoll • Parkland Hospital • Jack Ruby • Warren Commission • “Camelot”

44. Sentimental Memories… “Don’t let it be forgot, that once there was a spot, for one brief shining moment that was known as Camelot.” (from the Broadway show, Camelot—as quoted by Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy when reminiscing about her husband’s presidency)

45. “Every person can make a difference and every person should try.” JFK

46. LBJ • Finished JFK’s term • Pushed for Civil Rights Act • Ran against conservative Senator Barry Goldwater in 1964 (“Extremism in the cause of virtue is no vice…”) (“In your heart, you know he’s right.”) • The Daisy Commercial led to a landslide victory for Johnson

47. President Lyndon Johnson, 1963-1969 • The Great Society • War on Poverty • Medicare • Medicaid • Head Start • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • Vietnam War—Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 1964 • A liberal Warren Court • Department of Housing and Urban Development

49. Political Assassinations • Medgar Evers, 1963 • John F. Kennedy, 1963 • Malcolm X, 1965 • Martin Luther King, 1968 • Robert F. Kennedy, 1968 (note: Obama used RFK’s old desk in the Senate)

50. Match up the Sixties Quotes “Do your own thing” The Generation Gap “Make love not war” Turn on, tune in, drop out… “What we have here, is a failure to communicate” “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” “The eagle has landed.” “We are mired in a stalemate.” • Hippie philosophy • More hippie philosophy • Druggie philosophy of Timothy Leary • Quote from Cool Hand Luke—a film about non-conformity • Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon—Apollo 11 • Commentary on Apollo 11 • CBS anchorman Walter Cronkite’s commentary on The Vietnam War in 1968 • Problem between parents and kids