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Periodic Trends

Periodic Trends. CP Chemistry Chapter 11. Metals. Location … Characteristics … Luster Malleable & ductile Conductors of heat & electricity Lose electrons  “cation” (positive). Nonmetals. Location … Characteristics … Dull Brittle Insulators Gain electrons  “anions” (negative).

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Periodic Trends

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  1. Periodic Trends CP Chemistry Chapter 11

  2. Metals • Location … • Characteristics … • Luster • Malleable & ductile • Conductors of heat & electricity • Lose electrons  “cation” (positive)

  3. Nonmetals • Location … • Characteristics … • Dull • Brittle • Insulators • Gain electrons  “anions” (negative)

  4. Reactivity • Definition: how quickly an element reacts with another. • Metals … • Down a family • Across a period • Sodium Disaster Clip • Sodium/Potassium Clip • Nonmetals … • Down a family • Across a period

  5. Atomic Size • Definition: the size of the atom • Down a family … • Across a period …

  6. Ionization Energy • Definition: the energy required to remove an electron. • Down a family … • Across a period …

  7. Multiple Ionization Energies • Definition: the energy needed to remove successive electrons. • Example: (all values in KJ/mole) • Mg 1st - 735 2nd -1445 3rd -7730 • Al 1st -580 2nd -1815 3rd - 2740 4th – 11,600

  8. Electronegativity • Definition: the relative ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself. • Down a family … • Across a period …

  9. Atomic Size / Radius

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