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An English-Speaking World

An English-Speaking World. by Don L. F. Nilsen and Alleen Pace Nilsen. “Standard English may be the standard by which people’s language in English-speaking countries is measured, but it’s important to recognize that it’s simply one among many kinds of English.” (Smith & Wilhelm 48).

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An English-Speaking World

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  1. An English-Speaking World by Don L. F. Nilsen and Alleen Pace Nilsen 19

  2. “Standard English may be the standard by which people’s language in English-speaking countries is measured, but it’s important to recognize that it’s simply one among many kinds of English.” (Smith & Wilhelm 48) 19

  3. Rhyming Slang • When Jeff Wilhelm was in Tasmania, Australia, he asked why Larry, the curriculum director was absent. • He was told, “That old bag a fruit did the frog and toad to Steak and Kidney!” • In Australian rhyming slang • Bag a fruit  man in the suit  boss • Frog and toad  hit the road  took a trip • Steak and Kidney  Sydney • (Smith & Wilhelm 48) 19

  4. English, ESL or EFL is Spoken by about ½ of the People in the World (about 2 Billion People) (McCrum 24/50) 19

  5. English as a Global Language ¾ of the world’s mail ½ of the world’s technical & scientific journals ½ of all newspapers 80 % of the information in computers All international air pilots All international sea captains Many movies, songs, and much business ½ of European business deals 7 of the largest TV broadcasters (CBS, NBC, ABC, BBC, CBC, CNN, C-Span) TV televangelism of Christianity …are in the English language. (McCrum 10) 19

  6. Varieties of Global English, each with its Own Peculiar Flavor • Deutschlish • Franglish (la langue du Coca-Cola) • Indian English • Japlish (man-shon vs. mai-homu, basaburo, aisu-kurimu, mai-com [my computer]) • Russlish • Spanglish (McCrum 10, 38-39) 19

  7. La Langue du Coca-Cola • In France, • hot money  capitaux fébariles • Jumbo jet  gros porteur • Fast food  prêt-à-manger • In Quebec, Canada, Loi 101 : • English billboards, posters and storefronts are banned. Many students are not allowed to attend English-language schools. (McCrum 39-40) 19

  8. Competing Global Languages • Arabic • Russian (before the breakup of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe) • Mandarin Chinese • Spanish • French 19

  9. Education Act of 1870: RP • Cockney (Cock’s Egg) • RP (Received Pronunciation) • Posh (Portside Out Starboard Home) • (McCrum 13-21) 19

  10. World War II (McCrum 23) • GI Bases in England, Italy, France, Germany • GI Language was vivid, profane & abbreviated: 19

  11. Pin-Ups and Yank Magazine • Every issue of Yank Magazine featured a pin-up to remind soldiers of the girls back home. • A pin-up of Rita Hayworth is said to have been taped to Fat Boy, the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945. • Compare this with the movie Dr. Strangelove: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb. 19

  12. Atomic-Bomb Words (McCrum 24) 19

  13. Coca-Colonialism (McCrum 24) 19

  14. Korean and Vietnam Wars (McCrum 25-26) 19

  15. David Ofgor, Attaché to the US Embassy in Phnom Penh: • Talking to journalists: • “You always write it’s bombing, bombing, bombing. It’s not bombing. It’s air support.” (McCrum 27) 19

  16. Regional Dialects (McCrum 27-29) Franklin D. Roosevelt (Eastern Money) Harry Truman (Twangy Missouran) Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon & Gerald Ford (American Midwest) Lyndon Johnson (Southern) Ronald Reagan & Dan Rather (Network Standard) Kennedy Family (New England) George W. Bush (Texas) 19

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  18. Silicon Valley Words (California) (McCrum 30) 19

  19. British vs. American Global English • bird, bobby, bonnet, boot, drawing pins, flat, lift, lorry, mate, nappy, petrol, pram, sweets, torch, trunk call • girl, cop, hood, trunk, thumb tacks, apartment, elevator, truck, buddy, diaper, gas, stroller, candy, flashlight, long-distance call • colour/color, theater/theatre, tyre/tire • advertisement, laboratory, secretary (McCrum 32) 19

  20. !Disadvantages of English as a Global Language • /š/  shoe, sugar, issue, mansion, mission, nation, suspicion, ocean, conscious, chaperon, schist, fuchsia, pshaw (spelled 13 ways) • <sh> <ch> <ph> <th> <gh> • Full, reduced, zero grades of consonants • Long, Short, -r, schwa, and zero grades of vowels • 15 different vowel phonemes • <c> <g> <q> <s> (/s/ /š/ /z/ /ž/) <x> (McCrum 42) 19

  21. !!Advantages of English as a Global Language • Natural Gender, not Grammatical Gender • Simplified Word Endings resulting in greater flexibility (N  V, etc.) • Teeming Vocabulary (80 % is not Anglo-Saxon) but rather: Arabic, Celtic, Chinese, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Latin, Scandinavian, Spanish, etc. (McCrum 43) 19

  22. Works Cited McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. New York, NY: Penguin, 1986. (source of map citations) McCrum, Robert, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. The Story of English: Third Revised Edition. New York, NY: Penguin, 2003. (source of text citations) Smith, Michael W., and Jeffrey D. Wilhelm. Getting It Right: Fresh Approaches to Teaching Grammar, Usage, and Correctness. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2007 19

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