Rich Grady, President AppGeo April 2013

1. Nevada Geographic Information Society Business Planning Project: High Resolution Elevation Data Presentation to Elevation Stakeholders Rich Grady, President AppGeo April 2013

2. Agenda • Who are we? • Why are we here? • Discussion

3. Who are we? • Nevada Geographic Information Society • Applied Geographics, Inc. (AppGeo)

4. Nevada Geographic Information Society • NGIS is 23 years old, with members from many parts of the state, and both public and private sector representation • http://www.ngis.org/ • Non-Profit organization with Officers: • President: Moni Fox, GISP (Washoe County) • Vice President: Lisa Desautels (Graphic Imaging Services, Inc.) • Treasurer: Gary Johnson, GISP (University of Nevada, Reno) • Secretary: Karin Hagan (Kleinfelder) • Past President: Matt Krok, GISP (City of Henderson) • Board Officers: • Steve Mesa (National Geospatial Intelligence Agency) • Karla Chavez (City of North Las Vegas) • Mark O'Brien (Bureau of Land Management) • Adam Johnson (Gnomon, Inc.) • Eric Schmidt, GISP (Douglas Co., NV) • Don Harper (US Fish & Wildlife)

5. AppGeo background… • Focus on State & Local Governmentcustomers • Over 600 GIS/Spatial-IT projects since 1991, in 35 states plus DC and USVI • GIS professionals focused on delivering results • Project Managers & Consultants • Application Developers (.NET, C#, VB.NET, Web Services, HTML) • GIS Application Developers (ESRI, Open Source, Google) • Database Specialists (Oracle, SQL Server, MS-Access, PostgreSQL) • GIS Analysts (Data development, Map production, Geoanalytics) • Systems Support (Windows, Cloud-based System Integration) • Strategic Planning • Support Services • Data Services App Develop- ment • System Inte-gration Under Contract to NGIS on the Business Planning Project

6. Why are we here? • To provide an overview of the NGIS Business Planning project for High Resolution “Enhanced Elevation” Data • To provide a brief overview of LiDAR basics as an acquisition method for enhanced elevation • To review and discuss NGIS On-line Survey Results

7. What is the NGIS Business Planning Project? • Two parallel tracks: • Geospatial Parcels Data Business Plan • Enhanced Elevation Data Business Plan • Funding courtesy of a Cooperative Agreement Program (CAP) grant from the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) • Part of a national Fifty States Initiative catalyzed by the National States Geographic Information Council (NSGIC)

8. What is the NGIS Business Planning Project? • Oversight and project assistance provided by the Nevada Geographic Information Society (NGIS) • Contractor support from AppGeo • Timeline (Autumn 2012-2013) • Data Gathering • Plan Development • Presentation of Findings and Recommendations

9. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR 101: Acquiring Enhanced Elevation Data

10. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Description • Light Detection and Ranging • Before LiDAR: RaDAR • Efficient • Cost Effective for Enhanced Elev. • Accurate Direct Measurements • Multiple Platforms • Multiple Applications

11. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Basics • A pulse of light energy is emitted and the precise time is recorded. • The reflection of that pulse is detected and the precise time is recorded. • Knowing the speed of light, the range can be determined. • Knowing the position & attitude of the sensor, the XYZ coordinate of the target can be calculated.

12. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process Chart

13. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process Steps for a Project • Planning • Calibration • Acquisition • Pre-processing • Post Processing • Product Generation • Data, Distribution, and Archival Management

14. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Preferred Capture Conditions • Leaf Off • Cloud free • Fog Free • Flood Free • Snow Free • Night or Day

15. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Platforms • Mobile • Terrestrial • Airborne

16. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Components • Global Positioning System • Inertial Measurement Unit • Laser Scanner

17. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process for Acquiring Enhanced Elevation • Airborne platform variables

18. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process for Acquiring Enhanced Elevation • LiDAR Output • Points, Many points • Returns, Many Returns • Returns per Pulse • First, Interim, Last

19. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process for Acquiring Enhanced Elevation • LiDAR Output • Many points • Many Returns • First, Interim, Last • Point Cloud • Classified Point Cloud • e.g. ASPRS Classes

20. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Products • LiDAR Output • Intensity Image • Breaklines • Contours • Elevation Model (Bare Earth) • Other Output

21. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Products • Intensity Image • Monochrome • Illumination level of the returns are recorded • Raster product • GeoTiff

22. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process for Acquiring Enhanced Elevation • Breaklines • Feature marking a change in the smoothness or continuity of a surface • An abrupt change in elevation • Stream, ridge, road, building

23. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Feature Delineation • Contours

24. NGIS Business PlanningComparison of Resolution • Bare Earth Elevation Model (100,50,25,5 feet)

25. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Products • Surface Models

26. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Products • Slope and Aspect

27. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Products • Hillshade

28. NGIS Business PlanningNational Enhanced Elevation Assessment (NEEA) • Functional Uses and Activities • Mapping confined urban channels vs natural streams • In the creation of seamless topo/bathy products • Integration into the National Elevation Dataset • Derivation of stream channel characteristics • Mapping and monitoring coastal hazards • Identify small hydrologic features (ditches, tile drain) • Mapping fish habitat • Characterizing wildlife habitat • Identification of canopy gaps • Flood inundation modeling • Derivative hydrologic profiling • Disaster response • Fire science • High-resolution floodplain mapping • Characterization of canopy structure • Defining drainage basins • Jokulhaup monitoring • Fault-rupture mapping • Monitoring sea level rise • Natural Hazards • Identifying landslide-prone areas • Creating topographic maps • Glacier changes • Carbon sequestration assessments • Homeland security scenarios • Delineation of canopy surface and forest metrics • Determination of watershed characteristics • Delineation of building structures • Characterization of urban settings • Monitoring long-term shoreline change • Mapping land cover and land use • Measuring earthquake deformation • Delineation of volcanic structure • Monitoring volcano hazards • Urban mapping • Powerline mapping • Hydrologic Modeling • Bare earth products • Monitoring debris flows • Wave height surveys • Sedimentation into rivers • Monitoring geomorphic processes • Identification of ponding areas • Mapping wetland drainage • Creation of synthetic drainage networks • Identifying culverts • Transportation mapping • 3-D visualization of buildings • Volume visualization • Identifying bird habitats

29. NGIS Business PlanningLiDAR Process for Acquiring Enhanced Elevation • Resolution and Accuracy • Nominal Point Spacing • Horizontal Accuracy • Vertical Accuracy • Anticipated Contour Equivalent • Elevation Model Cell Size • Intensity Image Cell Size

30. NGIS Business PlanningEnhanced Elevation Quality Levels (e.g. USGS QL1-5)

31. NGIS Business PlanningQuestions Before We Look at Elevation Survey Results • Is anyone still wondering what we are talking about and why we are here? • Can anyone describe a situation in their jurisdiction where they wish they could have had enhanced elevation data (i.e. better then what they had available)? • Can anyone describe a situation where they did have enhanced elevation data, and how it positively made a difference?

32. NGIS Elevation Survey Results • 78 Reponses • 58 in-state • 19 out of state

33. Respondent Breakdown • 25 - Private Business • 21 - State Government • 14 - Local Government • 10 - Federal Government • 3 - Regional Entity • 2 - Education Institution • 1 - No-Profit • 1 - Other 77 Total Respondents

34. Elevation Data Overview • 97% of Respondent Use Elevation Data • 80% use it because it is already available • 43% have an essential need for the data and are willing to pay for it. • 52% of Respondent’s are being underserved by their elevation data • 64% need more resolution • 49% need more current data • 51% have data coverage issues

35. Elevation Data Sharing • 60% of private sector respondents do not share elevation products that have been paid for • Mineral Exploration Data Provides Competitive Advantage. • 80% of State or Local government respondents either do not share or are unsure about sharing contracted elevation products • Bandwidth Issues, Liability Concerns, Contract Restrictions, Narrow Areas of Focus

36. NGIS Business PlanningQuestions for Discussion on Enhanced Elevation • What does the State of Nevada need for enhanced elevation data? • Why do we need it? • Are there any substitutes that are good enough? • How many people still rely primarily on USGS contours or digital elevation models (DEMs)? • Are the capabilities to take advantage of enhanced elevation data out there in the counties and local governments?

37. NGIS Business PlanningQuestions for Discussion on Enhanced Elev. (Cont’d) • What role should the private sector play? • What role should the federal gov’t play? • What role should the state play?

38. NGIS Business PlanningDiscussion Notes on Enhanced Elevation • DISCUSSION NOTES

39. Quick Summary • Business Planning is happening for: • Geospatial Parcel Data • High Resolution Elevation Data • The NGIS on-line surveys captured preliminary input on current practices and impressions • Interviews and outreach underway to learn what can work in Nevada for statewide data sets • Business Plans will be written this summer • Your input is valuable

40. NGIS Business Planning Thank You! Rich Grady rgrady@appgeo.com