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Spanish Explorations

Spanish Explorations. Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 3 Pages 128-134. Objectives. Describe the aims, obstacles, and accomplishments of Spanish explorers. Trace the routes of Spanish explorers and identify their claims. Spanish explorations.

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Spanish Explorations

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  1. Spanish Explorations Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 3 Pages 128-134

  2. Objectives • Describe the aims, obstacles, and accomplishments of Spanish explorers. • Trace the routes of Spanish explorers and identify their claims.

  3. Spanish explorations • Spain had claimed a lot of land in the America’s (this is today South America) • Many others came seeking: • Riches • National glory • Converting Native Americans to Christianity

  4. King of Spain • The King encouraged explorations • He offered large sums of money called, GRANTS, to those who led expeditions • These explorers became known as CONQUISTADORS

  5. Juan Ponce de Leon • Had sailed with Columbus on his 2nd voyage • Helped conquer Puerto Rico • Heard of an island called Bimini and a Fountain of Youth • 1513 – landed on Florida and claimed it for Spain

  6. Ponce de Leon • 1521, returned to Florida to start a settlement • Calusa tribe defended their land • Ponce de Leon killed • Never found the Fountain of Youth • He is known for becoming the 1st Spanish explorer to set foot on land that became part of the United States

  7. EARLY CONQUISTADORS

  8. Hernando Cortes • 1519, Spain • Sent fo find gold in the land of the AZTECS • Cortes marched to the capital of Tenochtitlan • Those who didn’t like the Aztecs helped Cortes

  9. Cortes vs. Aztecs • Moteuhzoma – Aztec emperor believed Cortes was the light-skinned god that was believed to return one day to rule them • Cortes took him as prisoner • They fought strong, but had no guns and horses like the Spanish • Many died in battles, but also diseases • Mexico City built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan

  10. Conquistador Horse Armor made of steel A gun Aztec Warrior Armor made of quilted leather Wood shield w/ feather fringe Wooden club Conquistador vs. Aztec Warrior

  11. Seven Cities of Gold??? • Cortes found gold • Spanish leaders in Mexico City heard talk of seven cities of gold • Priest, Marcos de Niza, sent to look with his slave, Estevanico • Estevanico was killed on mission • DeNiza returned and said he saw the golden city

  12. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado • 1540 went to look for city of gold • Explored lands in what is now SW U.S. • He was first explorer to come up into Oklahoma • No city of gold found

  13. NEW SPAIN • Lands claimed by Spain became known as New Spain • These included: • Mexico • Southwestern United States • Florida

  14. What was the aim of Coronado’s expedition? • To find the golden cities.

  15. Background • Marcos de Niza never entered the Zuni pueblo where Estevanico was killed. • Instead, he saw the pueblo from a distance at sunset. • The sun’s rays reflecting on the stone and adobe walls created a golden color which is why de Niza thought the pueblo was one of the legendary golden cities.

  16. Francisco Pizarro • 1531, led an expedition into the western coast of South America • Met people from the Inca empire, led by Atahuallpa • Priest told Atahuallpa they MUST accept Christianity and Spanish rule – he said NO • Taken prisoner and died • Pizarro conquered the Inca empire

  17. Hernado de Soto • Explored Southeaster U.S. • 1539, Sailed from Cuba to Tampa Bay • First European to see the Mississippi River

  18. De Soto battles • Met many Native American • Conflicts were bloody • 1542 De Soto died of a fever • They claimed all land they explored. • Spain now claimed much of southern U.S.

  19. De Soto’s route

  20. Catholic Church Rules • People in Europe begin to question the Catholic Church • They had forced people to follow rules and pay taxes • Had its own courts – punished those who went against the church

  21. Religious Reforms • Martin Luther – German priest • Began calling for open reforms, changes, in the Catholic Church. • Reformation – period of reforms • Luther forced out of church • Those who protested the Catholic leaders became known as Protestants. • Lutheran church and Protestants formed new churches.

  22. Counter-Reformation • Catholic church made changes • The church banned books going against their teachings • Focus on spreading the church to New Spain • Missionaries (religious teachers) sent to convert Native Americans

  23. Missionaries • Missionaries held ceremonies to make the Native Americans Catholic • Later they taught them the teachings of the church • Many forced to become Catholic and enslaved • Some tried to keep their beliefs, but others were forced to change how they lived and worship

  24. Which empire to Cortes conquer in Mexico? • Aztec

  25. Explored and claimed for Spain land that is now the state of Florida? • Juan Ponce de Leon

  26. Explored and claimed for Spain much of what is now the southwestern United States? • Francisco Vasquez de Coronado

  27. Explored and claimed for Spain much of the southern half of what is now the United States? • Hernando de Soto

  28. What explorer took control of the Inca Empire in Peru? • Francisco Pizarro

  29. The End

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