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Understanding Virtual Circuit Switching: Architecture, Operation, and Quality of Service in Networks

This module focuses on virtual circuit switching and its key concepts, including Frame Relay and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). It explains the fundamentals of the Virtual Channel Index (VCI) and the operation of switched virtual circuits (SVCs). The architecture of Frame Relay, its layers, and the roles of FRADs and LMI will be discussed, highlighting its Layer 2 technology. Additionally, the module covers how ATM uses fixed-size cells for multiplexing, providing insights into QoS, cell routing, and connection identifiers (VPI and VCI).

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Understanding Virtual Circuit Switching: Architecture, Operation, and Quality of Service in Networks

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  1. CIT 307 OnlineData Communications Virtual Circuit Switching Kevin Siminski, Instructor Module 15

  2. Virtual circuit wide area network

  3. VCI- Virtual Channel Index

  4. Phases of VCI

  5. Switch and table

  6. Source – destination transfer

  7. Switched Virtual Circuit request

  8. SVC acknowledgement

  9. Frame Relay • Architecture • Frame Relay Layers • FRAD • VOFR • LMI

  10. Frame Relay Network

  11. Frame Relay- DLCIs VCIs in Frame Relay are called DLCIs.

  12. Frame Relay Layers

  13. Frame relay operation Frame Relay operates only at the physical and data link layers. Therefore, it can be considered a Layer 2 technology

  14. Architecture of a Frame Relay fram

  15. Flow control & Frame Relay Frame Relay does not provide flow or error control; they must be provided by the upper-layer protocols.

  16. FRAD

  17. ATM – NOT YOUR CASH MACHINES! • Design Goals • Problems • Architecture • Switching • Layers

  18. Multiplexing using different frame sizes

  19. ATM Cell A cell network uses the cell as the basic unit of data exchange. A cell is defined as a small, fixed-sized block of information.

  20. Multiplexing using Cells

  21. ATM Multiplexing

  22. Architecture on an ATM Network

  23. TP, VPs, and VCs

  24. VPs and VCs example

  25. Virtual Connection Note that a virtual connection is defined by a pair of numbers: the VPI and the VCI.

  26. Connection Identifiers

  27. UNIs and NNIs

  28. ATM Cell

  29. Routing with an ATM switch

  30. ATM Header

  31. ATM Services • Predecessor to IP Quality of Service (QoS) • Constant Bit Rate • Variable Bit Rate • Available Bit Rate • Unspecified Bit Rate • Some still maintain ATM offers superior QoS control plane

  32. ATM Today? • IP QoS has matured to a production level technology • ATM networks very expensive • Limited interface speeds • Overhead limits steal valuable bandwidth • appx. 12% - 14% overhead

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