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Human Rights Situationer for Transgender in Asia

Human Rights Situationer for Transgender in Asia. By Gina Jian gang Zhao Trans China Trans Pre-Conference. How many countries?. Background.

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Human Rights Situationer for Transgender in Asia

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  1. Human Rights Situationerfor Transgender in Asia By Gina Jian gang ZhaoTrans ChinaTrans Pre-Conference

  2. How many countries?

  3. Background • Asia is by far the most diverse continent in terms of history, culture and economic and political development, the repression and discrimination by the society ranges from benign tolerance to outright persecution. • Culturally, transgender people have always existed throughout the Asian history.

  4. Traditional forms of MTF • Hijras in India, Metis in Nepal, Waria in Indonesia, Kathoeys in Thailand, Ren Yeo in China

  5. FTM Transpeople • Almost invisible even inside the LGBT communities. • They are usually mixed up with butch or dyke. • They have only recently beginning to come out; usually as individuals, no organizations

  6. Government Attitude

  7. Legal Status • Recognition of SRS exist in certain countries: China, Iran, Indonesia, which are quite homophobic • Iran that executes gays on regular basis, is also a country with the most SRS operations in the world. • For transgender who do not undergo SRS are still in the limbo regarding their sex status.

  8. Daily life hazards • Going to public toilets • Social security • Health services • Education

  9. Sex Workers • Because prostitution is illegal in all Asian countries, trans sex workers are always targeted during police raids. • Arbitrary arrests and detention; sexual harrasment or abuse as well as extortion, these are all very common. • Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS infection due to low awareness, lack of supportive environment to use condoms.

  10. Trans living with HIV • They suffer from double discrimination: as HIV carrier and as transperson. • Little access to health care services. • No social security

  11. Transphobia

  12. Hate Crimes

  13. Trans Activism & Movement • Japan: 1st Transwoman elected in the National Congress. • Nepal: third gender identity is recognized by Supreme Court. • Indonesia: attempt to nominate a transwoman into the National Human Rights Commission [failed] • Thailand: military service stops issuing ‘mentally ill’ status to transpeople

  14. Challenges • Diversity of Asia is so great that there is no common language of communication. Most transpeople cannot speak English. • Most transpeople have a low educational background; a hindrance to building trans organizations and networks. • Integration within LGB movement is slow

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