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Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan. Ethnic Groups. Kyrgyz 52.4% Russian 21.5% Uzbek 12.9% Ukrainian 2.5% German 2.4% Other 8.3%. The Rise of Askar Akaev. June 1990: riots in Ferghana Valley November 1990: Akaev elected president of Kyrgyz SSR Early 1991: mass exodus of Russians begins

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Kyrgyzstan

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  1. Kyrgyzstan

  2. Ethnic Groups • Kyrgyz 52.4% • Russian 21.5% • Uzbek 12.9% • Ukrainian 2.5% • German 2.4% • Other 8.3%

  3. The Rise of Askar Akaev • June 1990: riots in Ferghana Valley • November 1990: Akaev elected president of Kyrgyz SSR • Early 1991: mass exodus of Russians begins • August 1991: Akaev opposes coup • September 1991: Gorbachev offers Akaev Vice-Presidency of USSR; he declines • October: Akaev elected President of Kyrgyz Republic, 98.5% (unopposed)

  4. Current Issues • Energy • Water distribution • Kyrgyz and Uighurs in China • Heroin • Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan -Juma Namangani • Internal dissent -Economic and Political dissatisfaction -Uzbek/Kyrgyz tensions

  5. Tajikistan

  6. Ethnic Groups • Tajik 64.9% • Uzbek 25% • Russian 3.5% • Other 6.6%

  7. Abdullah Saidov • Arrested in 1980 for Islamic activities • February 1986: petitions to create an Islamic state in Tajikistan • Arrested August 1986

  8. Haji Akbar Turajanzade • Educated in Jordan • Founding member of the Islamic Renaissance Party in 1970s • Appointed Head of Muslim Spiritual Directorate of Central Asia 1980 • 1986 publishes Islamskaya Pravda

  9. The Rise of Islamic Parties • February 1990: Anti-Armenian riots • March-December 1990: Islamic Parties unite and go public • December 1990: IRP banned by Moscow • Early 1991: Turajanzade breaks with IRP, forms “Kaziat” • September 9, 1991: President Rahman Nabiev allows IRP to register

  10. The Civil War • September 21: Kaziat members tear down statue of Lenin in Dushanbe • September 22: Nabiev declares martial law • November 24, 1991: Presidental Election • Nabiev: Socialist Party • Khudanazarov: Democratic Party • Nabiev wins, 57 to 34%

  11. The Civil War (Continued) • December 1991: mass demonstrations begin • January-February 1992: Nabiev’s ministers resign, defect • May 4, 1992: riots escalate out of control • May-September, 1992: Civil War • Pro-Nabiev faction • Anti-Nabiev faction: Turajanadze • Islamist Faction: From Afghanistan

  12. The Civil War (Continued) • Early November Turajanzade captures Dushanbe • Pro-Nabiev forces choose Immomali Rahmanov President in exile • December 4 Uzbek forces recapture Dushanbe

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