Point & Non-Point Source Water Pollution

1. Point & Non-Point Source Water Pollution All right who did it this time?

2. Definition & Types • Point source – one identifiable source of pollution • Factory dumping sewage • Dumping oil into ground water • Non-Point Source – can’t be traced to a single source • Two or more farmers using same pesticides • Contaminated storm water

3. Location • Point • Alaska – Exxon Valdez oil spill • Louisiana – BP oil spill • Non-Point • Mississippi Delta • San Francisco Bay • Chesapeake Bay

4. Pollution Causes • Point Source • Not disposing chemicals properly • Sewage • Non-Point • Tilling • Storm water • Boating

5. Environmental Consequences • Point • Chemicals get into groundwater • Oil stays in sand for a long time • Oil goes down 4% every year (Exxon) • Arctic habitats take 20-30 years to recover • Non-Point • Tilling takes away top soil • Sediment runoff affects water quality • Fertilizer run of effects biodiversity

6. Pollution Conservation Efforts Dispose of chemicals properly Direct roof runoff to a grassed area or a rain collector Collect litter and animal waste before they wash into a storm drain Fertilize lawns and gardens according to soil test results Watch for soil erosion, replace with sod to protect the eroded site

7. Cost BP fined 40 million dollars – for clean up efforts 5.5 million foot boom cost 850 million dollars 8.2 billion dollars to clean up water and debris after Katrina $150 for 100 square feet of sod (includes installation) $115 for a 50 gallon bin rain collector

8. Applicable Legislation • Clean Water Act • Protects water quality • Safe Drinking Water Act • Protects water quality of drinking water • Coastal Zone Management Act • Protects coastal waters and was added to focus on non-point source water pollution • Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act • Requires farmers to register for their pesticides • Public trust Doctrine • Mandates that the government are stewards of common property such as water

9. Extra Facts Exxon paid half a billion dollars for damage in Alaska. Factories and sewage treatment plants are two common types of point source water pollution. The biggest oil spill ever was in Kuwait during the Gulf War. The worst spot for sediment buildup is at a delta or bay. Citarum River in West Java, Indonesia is one of the worst polluted rivers

10. Literature Cited http://www.epa.vic.gov.au/your-environment/water/protecting-victorias-waters/point-and-nonpoint-sources-of-water-pollution http://dec.alaska.gov/WATER/wnpspc/index.htm http://www.kean.edu/~fosborne/resources/ex12j.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exxon_Valdez_oil_spill http://www.epa.gov/region09/water/nonpoint/cal/ http://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-bp-oil-spill http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill http://www.ask.com/question/how-much-did-hurricane-katrina-cost http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_cost_of_hurricane_Katrina http://groundwater.ucdavis.edu/files/136277.pdf http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/Water/WaterQualityInformationTMDLs/NonpointSourcePollutionManagement/NonpointSourcePollution.aspx http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_sod.html http://www.homedepot.com/b/Outdoors-Garden-Center-Watering-Irrigation-Rain-Barrels/N-5yc1vZc7pb http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/energy/coal-oil-gas/biggest-oil-spills-in-history#slide-1

11. Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phmN-IpR3xw