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Age of Discovery and Exploration. Primary Source World Map. Primary source world map. Role Play. In your groups….
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In your groups… • Break groups into groups with six people in each group. Give each group a bag of words and terms. Give each group 10 minutes to piece the puzzle together. The first groups that win get a piece of candy or treat.
Word parts • Con: together • De: down • Dis: away • Equi: equal • Extra: beyond • Inter: between
Vocabulary • Global exploration: Exploring unknown regions of the world. • Current: moving streams of water • Wind: movements of air. • Empire: A group of territories or nations under a single ruler or government. • Circumnavigation: circling around the world.
Why explore? • Conquests by the Ottoman Turks limited European access to Asian goods. (Silk Road heavily taxed and limited) • Wanted to find new route to Asia to bypass the silk road • Motives- Asian spices, colorful gems and silk
Portugal takes the lead • Beginning in 1420 the Portuguese began exploring the western coast of Africa • There they discovered gold and the area became known as the “gold coast” • Portugal began using slave and set up sugarcane plantations to become the world’s largest sugar producer
Spanish Exploration • Spanish were the first to explore the Americas and laid the basis for European claims in America • The “conquistadors”-individuals whose guns and determination brought them incredible success. • The Spanish explored Mexico, present day Florida and South America
English, Dutch, and French • The English and the Dutch soon begin exploring along with France. • England explored the East Coast of North America and Northern Canada • They set up trading posts and colonies in the Americas • Colony-settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control
Mercantilism • Mercantilism-the prosperity of a nation depends on a large supply of gold and silver • A positive balance of trade is one way to bring in more gold and silver • Governments would place tariffs on imports and use colonies as markets.
Astrolabe • The astrolabe was a navigational device that allowed explorers to determine their latitude and thus sail more accurately.
How to use the Astrolabe • In the 15th century, the Portuguese perfected the astrolabe. By pointing the needle of the astrolabe towards the Pole Star, one can read its height in degrees relative to the horizontal and calculate its latitude position (North-South) depending on the hour and the day. (Use sun, moor, and/or stars to determine lattitude)
Caravel • Small, highly maneuverable ship • Allowed for explorers to travel quicker, but carried few guns • Able to sail more accurately then other ships • Improved rudders also made exploration easier
Improvements in Technology • Improvements in technology (Astrolabe, Compass, Caravel, and rudder) allowed European explorers to dominate travel, trade, and naval operations around the world.
Gunpowder • The Europeans used gunpowder to build superior weaponry. • The weapons empowered them to conquer and take over foreign lands without having superior numbers in those lands.
Free Write • You will have ten minutes to write as much as you can about what the Age of Exploration would have been like without gunpowder. • Here are some questions to include: • Would this change the way they treat natives in Africa, North America, and South America? • Would this change the way the natives treat the explorers? • Would this change the places they explored?
Economic Impact • Rapid economic growth • Gold and Silver flood Europe • Spread ideas of mercantilism
Political Impact • Spread Christian religious beliefs (forced and voluntary) • Areas explored came under European rule • European governments dominate explored lands and much of the world Social/Cultural Impact
Exit Slip • How did gunpowder affect exploration? • What were the three technological advances and how did they affect exploration?
Assignment: Create a “Help Wanted Ad” for a Ship a Crew Member to join the voyage of a famous explorer. • The Following Items Should be Included on Your Wanted Ad: • What personal qualities would one need to have to be able to handle the job of a ship captain or crew member? • What skills would the job require? Ex.: Able to read a compass, use an astrolabe, map, steer a ship, repair a ship etc. • What is the purpose of this voyage • What would be the pay and/or benefits of having this job? • Who should be contacted? • Your grade will be determined by the completeness of the above requirements, as well as the neatness and overall effort put forth in the ad.
Where we’ve been and where we’re going…. • 7-1.1 Use a map or series of maps to identify the colonial expansion of European powers in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and the Americas through 1770. • 7-1.2 Explain how technological and scientific advances, including navigational advances and the use of gunpowder, affected various parts of the world politically, socially, and economically and contributed to the power of European nations. • 7-1.3 Compare how European nations exercised political and economic influence differently in the Americas, including trading-post empires, plantation colonies, and settler colonies.
