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Ch 20/21 Insights- Civil War Notes

Ch 20/21 Insights- Civil War Notes. Goal ?s Part 1 Identify 3 advantages that both the North and South had fighting the war. Identify and explain the impact of three early battles of the Civil War. Ch 20/21. ID- Seceding States (437) Summary 1- How many Southern states seceded ? 11

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Ch 20/21 Insights- Civil War Notes

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  1. Ch 20/21 Insights- Civil War Notes • Goal ?s Part 1 • Identify 3 advantages that both the North and South had fighting the war. • Identify and explain the impact of three early battles of the Civil War

  2. Ch 20/21 • ID- Seceding States (437) • Summary 1- How many Southern states seceded? • 11 • OI- Brothers Blood and Border States • Border States- slave states that did not need slavery • 1) ID one reason Border States were important • Population (fewer soldiers for S), food (less food for S. soldiers), Ohio River (N. could move troops quickly)

  3. 2) How Lincoln kept Maryland in the Union? • Suspending Habeas Corpus • Habeus Corpus- a person has to be charged with a crime after being arrested and given a trial • How does suspending Habeus Corpus changes a person’s rights? (What can the government do with an arrested person w/out HB?) • Pro-S. Marylanders not allowed to vote on secession • Lincoln willing to violate Const. rights to win war • Why was Maryland so important to keep in the Union? • 3) Why did the 5 Civilized tribes side with South? • Cherokee owned slaves

  4. ID- The Technology of War (P 439), Manufacturing by Sections (442) read captions and THINK? • Summary 2-What allowed the Civil War to become one of the most destructive wars ever? • Mechanization (modern tech- artillery, railroads) • What side will have the advantage when it comes to technology? Why? • Summary 3- What was the South’s failure in understanding this new change in warfare? • S. did not understand importance of RRs and transportation

  5. Summary 4- What is the “Annual Value of Products” for the North vs. the South? • NE, Mid. States, West States, Pac. States=1,725,000,000 vs • South $155,000,000 • Summary 5- How will the “Annual Value of Products” hurt the South war effort, help the North? • The north has cash, the South has far less to support the war

  6. OI- Balance of Forces • 4) ID 1 advantage of the South • Defensive War, Officers, Belief in Cause, southern familiarty w. horses and guns • 5) ID one disadvantage of the South • No factories to build war provisions • 6) ID one advantage of the north • Economy (factories), navy, population

  7. Opening moves of CW • Fort Sumter(Apr 1861)- opening shots of CW (Upper South Secedes) • ?Why does the Upper South secede after Fort Sumter? • 1St Bull Run- 1st major battle • 30K Union vs. 22K South • N. belief- easy victory • Why would the N. be so confident? • Spectators • S. Rout- S. wins • ?What Southern advantage allowed S. to win this battle? • Total War- to win war N. needs to completely destroy the S.

  8. War in the West • Gen. Ulysses S. Grant- most important Union General • Character- poor student, alcoholic, failure in civilian life • Positives- photogenic memory, understood total warfare (destroying enemies will to fight, wear down enemy • *? Would you want this guy as your leader? • Battle of Shiloh- 1st major battle of war (23,000 casualties in 2 days) • *What does this battle show about the south and their attitude towards war?

  9. CH 21 Insights Goal Questions P2 • 1) Evaluate/Judge if the Union was truly fighting for the ideals of the Republic (equality, freedom, liberty) • 2) Explain why Antietam was/could have been the defining battle of the Civil War • 3) Analyze how the Emancipation Proclamation was one of the most defining documents in US history

  10. ID- The Confederacy Gets no help from Europe (p 444) • Summary 6- How did the Union keep Europe out of the War? • By being Europe’s most important trading partner • OI- Dethorning King Cotton • 7) Why did the European ruling class side w the South • Europe disliked the North’s democratic beliefs of equality • 8) Why did Europe’s people side with the North • They were against slavery • 9) Why did Europe eventually side with the North? • US had a good harvest and Eur. Suffered a bad harvest, Eur. Needed the North’s food

  11. ID- New York City Draft Riots (448) • Draft- when a person is forced to fight in a war • Summary 7- How was the New York Draft Riot ended? • Army was sent in and fired on rioters • OI- Volunteers and Draftees: North vs. South • 10) What is a $300 man? • A person who could buy there way out of the draft • What group of people will end up fighting the war? (Who is the lowest of that group?)

  12. 11) What group caused the NY draft riots? • Anti-black Irish immigrants • 12) How could a southerner get out of fighting? • Hire a substitute or own over 20 slaves

  13. ID- Killing Fields of Antietam (460) • Summary 8-How does the Battle of Antietam rank among US battles? • Bloodiest 1 day battle (23,000 casualties) • OI- The Pivotal Point: Antietam • 13) Why did Gen. Lee and the South invade Maryland? • Hoping to get support of Europe and Border States w a major victory in N.

  14. 14) What advantage did the north/ McClellan have going into the battle? • The N. discovered Lee’s battle plans (Gen. McClellan had the power to destroy S./Lee’s army) • Union wins the battle, but allowed Gen. Lee/S. to escape (war could have ended if Gen. McClellan/N. had been more daring in battle) • 15) How was Antietam the long-awaited victory for Lincoln/abolitionists? • Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

  15. ID- Emancipation in the South (461) • Summary 9-What document freed the slaves? • 13th Amendment • OI- A Proclamation without Emancipation • 16) What did the Emancipation Proclamation declare? • Slaves in areas of rebellion are free

  16. 17) What was the shortcoming of the proclamation? • EP did not free any slaves • 18) Why was the proclamation important? • CW became a war to end slavery/freedom

  17. Ch 20/21 Goal Questions P3 • 1) Identify why Gettysburg and Vicksburg were instrumental in helping the Union win the Civil War? • 2) Explain 2 oddities about the election of 1864? • 3) Analyze two impacts of the Civil War that still have an influence on the US today?

  18. Gettysburg and Vicksburg- two battles that allow the North to win the CW • Vicksburg- N. controls Miss. River, splits S. in half • Grant- becomes the Gen. Lincoln needs to win the war • 3 week siege • Cuts S. in half • How is this an example of Total Warfare? • Gettysburg- largest battle of CW • Lee invades N • Why is Lee at a disadvantage? • Losses N- 23K, S 28K (1/3 of Lee’s troops) • Why is this battle such a devastating defeat for S.?

  19. ID-Recruiting Black Troops in Boston (462), Excerpt on P 464 about black soldiers • Summary 10- How was the Massachusetts 54th different from other Union regiments? • 1stAf/Am regiment • Summary 11- How many African-Americans served for the Union in the Civil War • 180,000/ 10% of total military

  20. OI- Blacks Battle Bondage • 19) ID an example of Af/Am. heroism in the war? • 22 medals of honor, 38,000 dead, FT. Wagner where ½ of the Mass. 54th died • 20) How did slavery hurt the South during the war? • S. could not turn their guns away f. slaves

  21. ID- Union Party (471) • Summary 12- Identify the two groups of people that comprised the Union Party? • Republicans and pro-war Democrats • OI- Election of 1864- 1st election in world history held during a civil war (half of the country did not vote) • 21) What party did Lincoln run as in the Election of 1864? What political party did Lincoln run as in 1860? • Union in 1864, Rep. in 1860

  22. 22) Why did Lincoln select Andrew Johnson as a running mate? What political party did Johnson come from? • To attract Border States and pro-war Dems • 23) What group overwhelming supported Lincoln’s re-election? • Army

  23. Impact of War • Appomattox Courthouse- Lee/S. surrender to Grant/N. • Cost of War • Lives- 600,000 dead • $20 bil (10x’s value of all slaves in South) • Industrialization- N. built factories to provide for war • Creates an industrial base that will make US a world economic power in late 1800’s • Nationalism “The Unites States” • Spiritual- S. hurt and beaten • S. Humiliated- takes out anger on who? • Slaughter- America is not a perfect nation as imagined w. 2nd Great Awakening

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