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A Global Battle Against Obesity

A Global Battle Against Obesity.

kelsey-hurley
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A Global Battle Against Obesity

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  1. A Global Battle Against Obesity Govts Endorse UN Health Agency's Anti-Obesity PlanJanuary 21, 2004, The Wall Street Journal, 522 wordsGENEVA (AP)--Governments gave cautious backing Tuesday to a United Nations plan to promote healthier lifestyles, part of a global effort to reduce obesity and help battle heart disease and diabetes. ... World Health Organization will decide whether to adopt an aggressive plan outlining ways nations can combat obesity. Suggestions include limiting food advertising aimed at children, offering tax breaks and subsidies to lower prices of healthful foods, improving food labels and trying to curb added sugars to just 10% of daily calories. The plan also calls on food and beverage companies to reduce the fat, salt and sugar content in their products. The proposal has generated intense criticism from the U.S. government, and from the sugar industry, grocers, soft-drink makers and big food companies, claiming the proposal isn't supported by science. But if the World Health Organization approves the plan, consumers will see a world-wide push to help them improve their diets, including international efforts to regulate food marketing, pricing and production.

  2. Consumer Health Exercise, Products and Services

  3. Exercise, Products and Services • Extent of the Problem • Types of Exercise • Exercise Facilities, Services Equipment and • Exercise Recommendations

  4. Extent of the Problem • About 30% of adults get little or no physical activity and 73% are not active enough. (Engaging in 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity at least 5 days per week is recommended.) • Women are less active than men at all ages. • African Americans and Hispanics are generally less active than whites. • Adults in northeastern and southern states tend to be less active than adults in north-central and western states. • Participation in leisure-time physical activity decreases as age increases

  5. Inactivity Trend

  6. High Student Physical Activity

  7. Any Physical Activity in Past 30 days

  8. Physical activity Overweight and obesity Tobacco use Substance abuse Responsible sexual behavior Mental health Injury and violence Environmental quality Immunization Access to health care Leading Health IndicatorsTen Major Public Health Issues

  9. Physical ActivityLeading Health Indicator • 7-3b11. Increase the proportion of college students who have received information on physical activity and fitness. • Baseline 33.5%, 2010 Target 55% • 22-2/3. Increase the proportion of college students who engage in physical activity at least 3 days/wk at moderate intensity for at least 30 minutes, or vigorous physical activity for 20 minutes or more minutes. • Baseline 40.3%, 2010 Target 55% i

  10. Physical ActivityLeading Health Indicator 7-3b11. Increase the proportion of college students who received information from their college about physical fitness and activity. Targets: Baselines: Target setting method:National: Not applicableCollege: Better than the best. 50% improvement Our Campus: Better than the best. 31% improvement Data sources:National: Not applicable College: National College Health Assessment, Spring 2000Our Campus: National College Health Assessment, Spring 2000 i

  11. Physical ActivityLeading Health Indicator 22-2/3. Increase proportion of college students exercising moderately >/=30 minutes or vigorously >/=20 minutes >/= 3 days/week. Targets: Baselines: Target setting method:National: Not applicableCollege:  Better than the best. 36% improvement Our Campus:  Better than the best. 52% improvement Data sources:National: Not applicable College:  National College Health Assessment, Spring 2000 Our Campus: National College Health Assessment, Spring 2000 i

  12. 55% (2010) Target 40% College Physical ActivityLeading Health Indicator Participation in regular physical activity, United States, 1990–99 *The definition of moderate physical activity was changed in 1997. Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Youth Risk Behavior Survey.1991–97. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. National Health Interview Survey. 1990–99. i

  13. Health Benefits • Reduces the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) and the risk of dying from CHD • Reduces the risk of stroke • Reduces the risk of having a second heart attack in people who have already had one heart attack • Lowers both total blood cholesterol and triglycerides and increases high-density lipoproteins (HDL or the "good" cholesterol) • Lowers the risk of developing high blood pressure • Helps reduce blood pressure in people who already have hypertension

  14. Health Benefits • Lowers the risk of developing non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus • Reduces the risk of developing colon cancer • Helps people achieve and maintain a healthy body weight • Reduces feelings of depression and anxiety • Promotes psychological well-being and reduces feelings of stress • Helps build and maintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints • Helps older adults become stronger and better able to move about without falling or becoming excessively fatigued

  15. Exercise, Nutrition & Expected 20 Year Weight Gain

  16. Feelings of Competence

  17. Most of My FriendsExercise & Eat Healthfully

  18. Current Exercise & Expected 20 Year Weight Gain

  19. Managing Stress & Exercise

  20. Current Exercise & GPA

  21. Current Exercise & GPA

  22. Underlying Causes of Death JAMA, Nov. 10, ‘93: 1,000,000 Premature Deaths per year

  23. Newest Guidelines Accumulate at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity at least 4, preferably all, days of the week. • Centers for Disease Control & Health Promotion and American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines

  24. Exercise Prescription • American College of Sports Medicine • Position Statement on Adult Health/Fitness • Mode • Frequency • Intensity • Duration

  25. Mode • Rhythmic • Continuous • Use large muscle groups • walk, jog, run, swim, cycle, aerobic dance, cross-country ski, rowing

  26. X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Frequency • For Cardiovascular (Heart) Health • Three to Five Days per Week • For Fat Loss • Most Days of the Week

  27. Frequency • Try not to go for more than 2 days without aerobic exercise • Longer and you’ll lose enzymes you gained • Or, do aerobic exercise at least every third day Better living thru chemistry!

  28. Intensity - Three Methods • Percent of Maximum Aerobic Capacity • 50% to 85% • Percent of Maximum Heart Rate (MHR) • maximum heart rate = 220 - age • times 60% & 90% • Rate of Perceived Exertion • Fairly Light to Very Hard

  29. Intensity by Perceived Exertion

  30. Intensity by Perceived Exertion

  31. Able to talk comfortably Intensity by Perceived Exertion

  32. Able to talk comfortably Intensity by Perceived Exertion Able to say some syllables

  33. Duration • For Cardiovascular (Heart) Health • 20 to 60 minutes • non-stop, continuous • For Getting Fat Out of Fat Cells • check the next slide

  34. Duration • For Getting Fat Out of Fat Cells • ideal minimum is 30 to 40 minutes • non-stop, continuous • keep intensity low enough to be able to last 30 minutes

  35. Duration: Calories to Burn • Exercise sessions long enough to burn 300-500 calories per exercise session • Calories per Minute • Walk to class: 3 to 5 calories • But too light: below 50% of maximum heart rate (MHR) • Brisk walk: 5 to 8 calories • this is moderate intensity and about 60% of MHR

  36. Duration: Calories to Burn • Exercise sessions long enough to burn 300-500 calories per exercise session • Calories per Minute • Walk to class: 3 to 5 calories • Cycle, Jog: 7 to 12 calories • Run: 9 to 22 calories

  37. Duration: Distance to Move • Calories per Mile • Walk, Jog, Run: 100 calories per mile • 15 min/mile • 300 calories in 45 minute • 7 min/mile • 300 calories in 21 minutes • Aerobic dance may be similar to jogging

  38. Duration: Distance to Move • Calories per Mile • Cycle: 50 calories per mile • 6 min/mile = 300 calories in 30 minutes • Swim: 400 calories per mile • 32 min/mile = 300 calories in 24 minutes

  39. Intensity/Duration Relationship • Inverse Relationship for Similar Benefits • 90% for 20 minutes or • High Intensity with Short Duration • 60% for 60 minutes • Low Intensity with Long Duration • Intensity / Duration for Fat Loss • 50% to 80% of MHR for 30 to 40 minutes

  40. How to Burn the Most Fat

  41. Fat Cells • 30 - 40 billion • Volume from fat: 83% to 95% Fat Nucleus & Cytoplasm

  42. Fat Cells • 30 - 40 billion • Volume from fat: 83% to 95% • Goal • get fat out to muscles • don’t replace all of it Fat from fat grams to muscles to use as fuel (ATP)

  43. Calories Burned per Minute

  44. Training Effect of Regular ExerciseMore Enzymes for Fat Burning Beginning Exerciser

  45. Training Effect of Regular ExerciseMore Enzymes for Fat Burning Regular Exerciser Beginning Exerciser

  46. Training Effect of Regular ExerciseMitochondria in Muscle Cells • Non-Exerciser • 10% - 15% mitochondria • Exercise Walker • 20% - 25% mitochondria • Marathon Runner • 30% - 35% mitochondria Better fat burning thru chemistry!

  47. Burn More Fat at Higher Intensities

  48. Burn More Fat at Higher Intensities

  49. Burn More Fat at Higher Intensities 15 miles per hour 10 miles per hour

  50. Burn More Fat at Very High Intensities

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