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From LHC to CLIC and FCC: some common issues in the study of future large accelerator projects

From LHC to CLIC and FCC: some common issues in the study of future large accelerator projects. Philippe Lebrun CLIC Workshop 2014 CERN, 3-7 February 2014. The Future Circular Colliders (FCC) design study Aiming for CDR and Cost Review for the next ESU (2018).

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From LHC to CLIC and FCC: some common issues in the study of future large accelerator projects

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  1. From LHC to CLIC and FCC: some common issuesin the study of future large accelerator projects Philippe Lebrun CLIC Workshop 2014 CERN, 3-7 February 2014

  2. The Future CircularColliders (FCC) design studyAiming for CDR and CostReview for the next ESU (2018) • 80-100 km tunnel infrastructurein Geneva area • design driven by pp-collider requirements • with possibility of e+-e- (TLEP) and p-e (VLHeC) • CERN-hosted study performed in international collaboration 16 T  100 TeV in 100 km 20 T  100 TeV in 80 km CLIC Workshop 2014

  3. CLIC CDR and coststudy (2012) • 3 volumes: physics & detectors, acceleratorcomplex, strategy, cost & schedule • Collaborative effort: 40+ institutes worldwide • May beused as model for FCC CDR CLIC Workshop 2014

  4. GeologyLongitudinal section along CLIC tunnel J. Osborne CLIC Workshop 2014

  5. GeologyLongitudinal section along large ring in Geneva basin CLIC Workshop 2014

  6. Geotechniques for LEP & LHCApplicable to CLIC and FCC Road header TBM Crossing aquifers by ground freezing CLIC Workshop 2014

  7. Site/size optimization: the case of LEP • Geology: stay out of Trias • Hydrology: preserve springs at piedmont of Jura • Geotechnical: maximize tunnel in “molasse” (1.41 % slope) • Topography: limit overburden • Neighbourhood: integration of surface buildings, noise, road traffic • Cost • Performance: trade-off CE vs accelerator technology CLIC Workshop 2014

  8. Tunnel cross-sectionAccelerator components only LEP/LHC 2 m All tunnels drawn at same scale CLIC ILC “klystron cluster” CLIC Workshop 2014

  9. Tunnel cross-sectionAccelerator components & technical systems 2 m 2 m All tunnels drawn at same scale ILC “kamaboko” LEP Need for a technical service tunnel?

  10. Underground transport & installation LHC LEP monorail • Floor or ceiling? • Personnel & equipment • Co-activities & safety CLIC CLIC Workshop 2014

  11. A case in tunnel safety: the ventilation scheme • Longitudinal • Tunnel is the air duct • Safety not guaranteed downstream of danger area • Transverse • Need (protected) fresh-air & extraction ducts in tunnel (larger X-section) • Danger area can be segmented • Separate service/safety tunnel • Also used for ventilation & pressure equalization CLIC Workshop 2014

  12. Environment impact assessmentRequirements • EIA (World Bank OP 4-01, 1999 rev. 2011) • An instrument to identify and assess the potential environmental impacts of a proposed project, evaluate alternatives, and design appropriate mitigation, management, and monitoring measures • Large projects require EIA • French law: • Article R 122-8I du Code de l’Environnement • Décret 77-1141 du 12 October 1977 • Swiss federal law: • Ordonnance relative à l’étude de l’impactsurl’environnement (OEIE) • EU: • Directive 85/337/EEC • Updated in 1997 (directive 97/11/EC), 2003 (directive 2003/35/EC), 2009 (directive 2009/31/EC) C. Waaijer CLIC Workshop 2014

  13. Environmental impact assessmentProcess • Environmental Impact Study • Survey of initial state • Description of maximum impacts for all phases of construction & operation • Environmental Management Plan for each phase • Involvement of the public • Information sessions • Public enquiry • Déclarationd’UtilitéPublique C. Waaijer CLIC Workshop 2014

  14. Environmental impact assessmentLHC impact study CLIC Workshop 2014

  15. Environmental impact assessmentSurvey initial state Flora Fauna Geology & hydrology Wind regime CLIC Workshop 2014

  16. Environmentalimpact assessmentMinimize impacts Road traffic Visual impacts Noise CLIC Workshop 2014

  17. Automatic chains AS discs AS quadrants CLIC AS CLIC PETS CLIC Quads CLIC TBM Flexible workshops Flexible cells, manual work Industrial production of accelerator components CLIC vs LHC seriesnumbers CLIC LHC CLIC Workshop 2014

  18. Industrial production of accelerator components Measuredlearningcurves of LHC SC dipoles Collaredcoils Cold masses P. Fessia CLIC Workshop 2014

  19. Industry Industrial production of acceleratorcomponentsEarlyinvolvement of industry in LHC SC dipoles CLIC Workshop 2014

  20. Industrial production of accelerator components Industrialization & production ramp-upof LHC SC dipoles Industrialization Development CLIC Workshop 2014

  21. ScheduleProgress rate assumptions for CLIC • Civil engineering • site installation: 15 weeks • shaft excavation and concrete: • 180 m deep: 30 weeks • 150 m deep: 26 weeks • 100 m deep: 15 weeks • service caverns: 35 weeks • excavation by tunnel-boring machine (TBM): 150 m/week • Installation of general services • Survey & floor markings: 9 weeks/km/front • electrical general services: 8 weeks/km/front • cooling pipes & ventilation ducts: 8 weeks/km/front • AC and DC cabling: 8 weeks/km/front • Installation of main linacs • Transport of two-beam modules: 500/month • Interconnection of two-beam modules: 300 to 400/month CLIC Workshop 2014

  22. ScheduleCLIC Main Linac construction schedule – Scenario B K. Foraz Years K. Foraz CLIC Workshop 2014

  23. ScheduleCLIC overall construction schedule - Scenario B Construction of Main Linacs in the shade of injectors & experiments K. Foraz Years CLIC Workshop 2014

  24. CostCost structure of large accelerator projects LEP1 LHC CLIC 500 CLIC Workshop 2014

  25. Cost“Green field” cost of large accelerator projects LHC “green field” (reconstructed) CLIC 500 ≡ “green field” CLIC Workshop 2014

  26. Cost mitigation: breakthrough vs gradualprogressThe case of humangenomesequencing Sanger-basedchemistry Capillary-based instruments Ligationchemistry Nanoporetechnology CLIC Workshop 2014

  27. Understanding discontinuities in cost structureFirst-order phase transition: CLIC energy stages CLIC 500 GeV CLIC 3 TeV CLIC Workshop 2014

  28. Understanding discontinuities in cost structure Second-order phase transitions: high-field SC magnets CLIC Workshop 2014

  29. CLIC Study Costing Tool CLIC StudyCostingTooldeveloped & maintained by CERN GS-AIS Operational, on-line from C&S WG web page (accessprotected) Includesfeatures for currency conversion, priceescalation and uncertainty Production of cross-tab reports exportable to EXCEL Full traceability of input data CLIC Workshop 2014

  30. power & energyeconomy wasteheatrecovery sobriety energy management efficiency CLIC Workshop 2014

  31. Electricityprice projectionsEuropean Commission, Directorate-General for EnergyEU energy trends to 2030, Reference Scenario 2010 CERN average CLIC Workshop 2014

  32. A path to energysavingsEnergy management • Variation of electricitydemand in France (Source: RTE) • Modulatescheduledoperation to match peakelectricitydemand • Shutdown Seasonalloadshedding • Waiting for beam Diurnal peak shaving CLIC CLIC Workshop 2014

  33. Summary • CERN’s past experience in designing, constructing and operating large accelerator projects at the energy frontier is an essential asset for the study of future such machines, CLIC and FCC • These project studies raise novel issues not only in accelerator science and technology, but also in infrastructure and technical systems, as well as in the interrelations between them • Early involvement of stakeholders in all relevant disciplines is necessary to address the resulting complexity and achieve globally optimized solutions La pensée complexe est, essentiellement, la pensée qui intègre l’incertitude et qui est capable de concevoir l’organisation Edgar Morin Introduction à la pensée complexe (1990) CLIC Workshop 2014

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