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Virtual Worlds, Real Peace: Can Virtual Worlds Facilitate Conflict Resolution?

Virtual Worlds, Real Peace: Can Virtual Worlds Facilitate Conflict Resolution?. Doron Friedman, Sammy Ofer School of Communications, The Interdisciplinary Center. Acknowledgements. Sharon Joffe, IDC Tsahi Hayat, IDC EU Project – Presenccia UNLV-IDC Project. Agenda.

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Virtual Worlds, Real Peace: Can Virtual Worlds Facilitate Conflict Resolution?

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  1. Virtual Worlds, Real Peace: Can Virtual Worlds Facilitate Conflict Resolution? Doron Friedman, Sammy Ofer School of Communications, The Interdisciplinary Center

  2. Acknowledgements • Sharon Joffe, IDC • Tsahi Hayat, IDC • EU Project – Presenccia • UNLV-IDC Project Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  3. Agenda • Virtual reality and virtual worlds • Scientific research of human behavior in virtual environments • Some proposals for conflict resolution using virtual worlds Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  4. Contact Hypothesis Contact under certain conditions, such as equal status, cooperation towards a superordinate goal, and institutional support, will create a positive intergroup encounter, which, in turn, will bring about an improvement in intergroup relations. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  5. mediated contact ? Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  6. Indirect mediated contact? Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  7. “6-degrees of separation” Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  8. But what is the quality of mediated contacts? Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  9. The mediated contact hypothesis? • Under conditions C1,C2,C3,… contact among rival groups can reduce hostility (as measured by M1,M2,…) by a factor of X • Under conditions C1,C2,C3,…mediated contact among rival groups can reduce hostility (as measured by M1,M2,…) by a factor of X’ • What is the relation between X and X’? • How can we make X’=X or even X’>X? Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  10. Advanced Virtuality Lab • Research themes: virtual reality, virtual worlds, neuro-physiological interfaces • http://www.idc.ac.il/communications/avl/

  11. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  12. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  13. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  14. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  15. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  16. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  17. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  18. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  19. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  20. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  21. Highly-Immersive Virtual Reality (10 years ago) Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  22. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  23. Some Presence Definitions • ‘The sense of “being there”’(Held & Durlach, Sheridan, Zeltzer: premier issue of PRESENCE, 1992) • ‘A perceptual illusion of nonmediation’(Lombard and Ditton, 1997) Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  24. Technion, Israel UCL CS Presencia EU Project(2003-2006) UMH, Spain UCL ION TUG Graz Austria Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC g.Tec, Austria

  25. Presence – our defintion • Successful substitution of real sense data by computer-generated sense data • ‘Successful’ – response is similar to expected response in reality • ‘Response’ – • Low level physiological high level cognitive and emotional • Includes verbal responses about ‘being there’ • Response includes potential for interaction Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  26. Social Presence, Co-Presence Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  27. Is there a sense of presence in online virtual worlds (such as Second Life)?

  28. Our SL Bots Version 1.0 • Implemented in LSL • Wander around (walking) and look for avatars • Collect information about the avatars they meet (e.g., age, proximity, name) • Interact with avatars • Animations (50, however..) • Greeting • Spatial behavior Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  29. Hall: Proxemics (1960s) • Intimate space - < 1.5 feet • Personal space 1.5-4 feet • Social space 4-12 feet • Public space > 12 feet Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  30. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  31. Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  32. Proxemics of interacting avatars Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  33. Non-interacting couples Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  34. Spatial response: An automated experiment • Is there an equivalent for a posture shift in SL? Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  35. Method • Bot looked for avatars alone, stood 4 meters from them, greeted them, waited 2 seconds, and moved to a distance of 1.2 meters • Observed whether they move within 10 seconds • Automated experiment • However: needs manual supervision Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  36. Results Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  37. The online-behavior spectrum hypothesis Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  38. Virtual Peace: Some suggestions • Tele-socialization of physically remote people • Co-located virtual studio • Inducing empathy Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  39. Virtual Group Discussion • Experiment: comparing face-to-face discussions (of global warming) with a similar discussion in a virtual world • Preliminary results… • With Tomer Hendl, Amit Lavie-Dinur, and Yuval Karniel Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

  40. Communication Issues • Synchronous vs Async. • Pace is important; timely responses are important for empathy • Video conference vs. VR/VE • Sense of spatial presence • VR can preserve anonymity Communication Across Borders, July 08, IDC

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