1. North africa

2. Egyptian Empire • Napoleon invaded ~1800 • Began civil war • Led to more efficient agriculture • Irrigation • Cash crops • Major exporter of cotton • Big money big money

3. Schools • Textile mills • Egyptian army • All of a sudden,woah, Euro’s are interested in Egypt

4. Suez canal • Linked Mediterranean to Red sea • Similar effect to railroads, canals = big $ • Cut thousands of miles off the trip to exchange goods • Europe to asia was way quicker. Safer. • 1870’s Brits occupied Egypt • Took control of the canal • Why would they do this?

5. Big cash to egypt as Brits bought shares in the canal to control it • Egypt used $ to build dam on upper Nile river • Brits and france now choked at each other because French wanted to use the canal also. Brits wanted to control the Nile river near Sudan. Almost a huge war. French bailed and backed off.

6. French expansion • Take a look at the map. • Over the next 30 years French took Algiers, Tunis, Morocco • Then a unified Italy began to eye up north africa too… • Horn of Africa important. Why?

7. Morocco big crisis batman • NW tip of Africa • Egypt still a contested area until 1904 • Compromise