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Understanding Stoichiometry: Calculating Chemical Reaction Quantities

This guide explores stoichiometry through practical problems, including how many tricycles can be made from given quantities of frames and wheels, and the calculation of silver sulfide production from silver nitrate in a chemical reaction. The concepts include mole ratios, conversion factors, and the mass of reactants needed for reactions like Mg(OH)2 with HCl. By mastering these principles, you can effectively analyze and predict the outcomes of chemical reactions in various scenarios.

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Understanding Stoichiometry: Calculating Chemical Reaction Quantities

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  1. Stoichiometry Calculating quantities in chemical reactions.

  2. Stoichiometry 1 frame and 3 wheels are needed to create one tricycle If I use 1 dozen frames , how many tricycles can I make? 1 dozen If I use 1 dozen wheels, how many tricycles can I make? 4 or (1/3 dozen)

  3. Stoichiometry 2AgNO3 + H2S Ag2S + 2HNO3 2 moles of silver nitrate yields 1 mole of silver sulfide Conversion Factor: 2 mole AgNO3 = 1 mole Ag2S And 1 mole H2S yields 2 moles HNO3

  4. 2AgNO3 + H2S Ag2S + 2HNO3 ? moles 3.5 mol How many moles of Ag2S will be produced from 3.5 moles of AgNO3 ? 3.5 mole AgNO3 x 1 mole Ag2S= 1.75 mole Ag2S 2 mole AgNO3 How many grams of Ag2S will be produced from 3.5 moles of AgNO3? 1.75 mole Ag2S x 247.8g = 433.65g Ag2S 1 mole

  5. Tell-tale sign of stoichiometry Given information about one substance, and being asked about a different substance.

  6. Stoichiometry • A balanced chemical equation tells the mole/mole ratio between different compounds in the equation. mole X gmole Y grams grams

  7. Practice problem What mass of Mg(OH)2 will react with 1.20g of HCl? Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl g MgCl2 + 2H2O 1.20g HCl x 1 mol HCl = .0329mol HCl 36.5g .0329mol HCl x 1 mol Mg(OH)2 = .0164 mol Mg(OH)2 2 mol HCl .0164 mol Mg(OH)2 x 58.3g = .956 g Mg(OH)2 1 mol

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