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Aging

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Aging. Jennifer Scott. What is aging?. The process of growing old General decline in physical and possibly mental functioning Aging and public health. What can aging affect?. Hearing Fat/muscle proportion Water in the body Kidneys Digestion Muscle strength Coordination Taste Smell

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Aging

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  1. Aging Jennifer Scott

  2. What is aging? • The process of growing old • General decline in physical and possibly mental functioning • Aging and public health

  3. What can aging affect? • Hearing • Fat/muscle proportion • Water in the body • Kidneys • Digestion • Muscle strength • Coordination • Taste • Smell • Vision • Sexual hormones and sexual functioning • Liver • Cardiovascular system • Respiratory system • Nervous system • Bone strength, density • Hormone levels • Vitamin D levels

  4. Causes of aging • Theories • Aging clock theory • Genetic theory • Connective tissue/cross-linking theory • Free radical theory • Immunological theory

  5. What to do about aging? • Diagnosis • Treatment • Results

  6. Prevention of Aging • Healthy diet • Exercise • Lifestyle habits • Drinking fluids

  7. The aging population in the United States • In 2008, there were 38.9 million residents age 65 and over • Life expectancy • Men at 65 years: 17.6 years • Women at 65 years: 20.3 years • Health status • 24% of noninstitutionaled persons age 65 and over in fair or poor health • 7% of noninstitutionalized persons age 65 and over need help with personal care from other persons Every day, 10,000 Americans turn 65 years old

  8. Life expectancy, 2007 Life expectancy at 65 years: 18.6 years Life expectancy at 75 years: 11.7 years

  9. Life expectancy in the United States

  10. Leading causes of death, United states, 2007

  11. Aging- Health care utilization • 289.7 million ambulatory care visits by persons age 65 and over • 13.9 million discharges from hospitals • 5.7 days average stay in hospitals

  12. Virginia Report Card Upper third Middle third Lower third

  13. Heart Disease Prevalence in the Aging

  14. Hypertension and the aging

  15. High cholesterol and statin use in the aging

  16. Cancer prevalence in the aging

  17. Diabetes prevalence in the aging

  18. Issues associated with aging: Joint Pain

  19. Physical activity and the aging

  20. Deaths among persons 65 years of age and over (41)

  21. Hospice care

  22. The King’s Fund • Model of acute care is unsuited • Lack of social and professional status • Poor working conditions • Failure to keep pace

  23. Care for the aging • 1.3 million nursing home residents • 1 million patients with home health care • 868,100 hospice care discharges • 60% had dental visit

  24. Aging and Mental Health Main message: Depression is not a normal part of growing older • Older adults are at an increased risk for depression • Older adults are often misdiagnosed and undertreated • Estimates of major depression range from less than 1% to 13.5%

  25. Caregiving • What is caregiving? • The cost of being a family caregiver

  26. Advance Care Planning • What is Advace Care planning? • Why is it necessary?

  27. Emergency Preparedness for the Aging • Vulnerable population • Planning • Back ups!

  28. Premature Aging • Laminopathy • Progeria/ Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome • Incidence = 1 in 4 million births • Currently, between 35-45 known cases

  29. Total spending • $486 billion for Medicare in 2011

  30. Overview of Medicare spending

  31. Medicare, continued • The Medicare population • Cost of Medicare • Affordable Care Act

  32. Translational research CDC • Healthy Aging Program • Prevention Research Centers Healthy Aging Research Network (HAN) • Implement interventions that promote good health in older adults • Provide community decision-makers with useful information and resources • Develop practical and effective tools for assessing and evaluating programs and policies • Summarize and disseminate findings to colleagues across multiple sectors and communities • Mentor and train public health practitioners • Inform research priorities • Provide access to experts in healthy aging

  33. Translational research: National Institute on Aging • National Institute of Health: National Institute on Aging • Division of Aging Biology • Division of Behavioral and Social Research • Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology • Division of Neuroscience

  34. Additional research • Buck Institute for Research on Aging • UC San Diego Stein Institute for Research on Aging • Tufts University Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging • American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR) • The Ellison Medical Foundation • Retirement Research Foundation

  35. The CR Society • Calorie restriction • Men = 1,800, rather than 2,500 • Women = 1,500, rather than 2,000 • History- rats at Cornell at 1934 • Medical improvements • Research

  36. Methuselah Foundation • Mprize • NewOrgan prize • SENS

  37. TED talks- Aubrey de Grey on avoiding aging • http://www.ted.com/talks/aubrey_de_grey_says_we_can_avoid_aging.html

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