1. Rx for Science Literacy Care and Use of Animals in Research Darrell E. Hoskins, DVM, Dipl. ACLAM Director, Animal Welfare Training

2. Why Animals? 21st century___________________________ demand medical advancements and safety. “societal expectations”

3. Why Animals? -ethical issues -not instead of, but prior to research in humans -animals benefit too -no substitute yet -decreased scientific variables, increased consistency -life span and generation time

4. Use of Animals Annually Use of animals by humans is a historical constant; “awareness” of animal use is the __________________. “variable”

5. Animal Use in the US

6. Research Animals in the US

7. Use of Animals Annually • -perspectives on numbers of animals used by humans • -species selections • -purpose-bred vs. random source animals

8. Professionals in Research Animal Care Research animal care professionals have chosen to assume society’s _______________ for protecting the wellbeing of research animals. “responsibility”

9. Professionals in Research Animal Care -American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine -American Association for Laboratory Animal Science -Corporate Initiatives (animal welfare and quality science go hand-in-hand)

10. AALAS Professional Journals

11. Oversight of Research Animal Welfare The “3 R’s”, ___________________, ___________________, and ______________ serve as the central guiding principal for all professional and regulatory oversight activities in biomedical research. “reduction, refinement, replacement”

12. Oversight of Research Animal Welfare - USDA Animal Welfare Act - AAALAC -OLAW/PHS Policy -FDA, EPA, OSHA, CPSC, etc. -government scientific review panels

13. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs) The IACUC is a federally mandated entity that assures the _____________ of research animals and represents the interests of the ______________. welfare public

14. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs) -membership -protocol review -inspections/reviews -investigate concerns