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ETHICS

Understand the principles of ethics, making ethical decisions, and values through real-life exercises and expert insights. Explore the psychology of learning and the nuances of moral dilemmas. Source: Ethics, Customs, Rules, Goals, Circumstances.

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ETHICS

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  1. ETHICS

  2. Ethics • The principles by which people distinguish what is normally right.

  3. Ethics • “the study of good and evil, or right and wrong, of duty and obligation in human conduct, and of reasoning and choice about them” 9

  4. Making Ethical Decisions • There are no hard-and-fast rules. • Two possibilities might seem equally ethical or unethical.

  5. Psychology of Learning • Duality • Multiplicity • Absolute (Expert)

  6. Duality • During our formative years as children. • Right & Wrong • Black & White • True & False

  7. Multiplicity • As we become acclimated to university, we find that there are many attributes that fall outside duality. • There is a lot gray

  8. Expert • With experience and higher education, you become the expert. • You become the one that others look for answers.

  9. Exercise: Values It was customary in some German Concentration camps to release a woman if she became pregnant. • A married woman in a concentration camp faces eventual death. She makes a decision to attempt to become pregnant by one of the German guards. • A married woman in a concentration camp has four children and a husband safe in Berlin asking her to escape. She decides to become pregnant by a guard. 4

  10. Exercise: Values • An elderly gentleman expressed his desire that should a heart transplant be needed by someone at the time of the elderly man’s death, his heart be used for transplant. The elder gentleman is now near death and is being sustained in life by a breathing apparatus. His is unconscious and, according to all possible medical predications, has only a few days to live. A young man of 35 is in need of a heart transplant within 24 hours to be able to live. The doctors and the family of the elderly man decided to kill him painlessly with a drug in order for the transplant to be possible. • Young people should be able to practice birth control or get abortions without parental knowledge. 5

  11. Exercise: Values • The use of drugs should be an individual decision, not one made by society. • Loyalty is more important then integrity. • Women should be allowed to fight in combat in defense of their country. • Sexual orientation should have no bearing in selection or promotion for any job. • One’s career should come before one’s family. 7

  12. Exercise: Values • Affirmative action should be abolished • Race/gender should be an admissions criteria for graduate school. • Abortions are akin to murder. • There should be no separation of church and state. • The ends sometimes justifies the means. 8

  13. Rules for Ethical Decisions • Does the decision meet the standards of the golden rule. The decision should not be more harmful than the current situation. • Does the decision result in the greatest good for the greatest number. • How would you feel explaining your decision to a television audience? • Will your boss and peers agree that you have the right thing.

  14. Rules for Ethical Decisions • Will those affected by your decision believe you were fair?

  15. Sources of Ethics • Customs • Rules • Goals • Circumstances 10

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