Measuring Governance: Actionable Governance Indicators in HD

1. Measuring Governance: Actionable Governance Indicators in HD Ariel Fiszbein, HD Chief Economist April 29, 2010

2. Outline • Context: What is governance in HD? • Why measure governance? • A framework for measuring governance policies and performance; • Measuring dimensions of service delivery; • Innovations in methodologies and tools; • Resources for Task Teams.

3. The Context: Improved governance is needed to make services work • Governance: • Incentives to providers • Accountability for results Quality of social service delivery HD outcomes Demand for good governance

4. Why Measure Governance? • The Shock Factor: Measurement allows for benchmarking; • Both inter- and intra-national; • Does it work? Measurement allows for impact evaluation; • Need to measure along the results chain to assess what works; • Look inside the “black box” of service delivery: Measurement can improve project monitoring; • Intermediate service delivery indicators are referred to as the “missing middle;” • Indicators needed for results-based projects – can’t contract or pay without measurement.

5. Governance Policies and Performance • Governance has two measurable dimensions: • Governance policies, or “rules of the game,” that influence provider behavior; • E.g. human resource policies that establish hiring, firing, and rewarding of teachers and doctors; • Governance performance, or the extent to which governance policies work in practice; • E.g do teachers and doctors show up for work? • Governance policies and performance influence the quality of service delivery; • E.g quality at the point of service; quality measurement is elusive but there is progress.

6. A Measurement Framework

7. Measuring Policies and Performance

8. Measuring Governance: Where do we stand?

9. Pilot with Global Integrity: Indicators of Information in Health and Education (examples) • Existence and usability of information in Healthcare and Education • Is the Ministry of Education’s overall budget available to citizens? • Redress mechanisms to enforce accountability • Do formal processes exist to receive citizen complaints? • Availability of Fiscal/Budget information • Does information exist on whether school/medical facilities receive funds budgeted from state/local governments? • Influence of information availability on citizen participation in local decision making • Are citizens aware of basic rights to participate in formal community groups/forums?

10. Resources for Staff: Knowledge and Tools • Framework paper on Measuring Governance by Fiszbein, Ringold and Rogers; • Database of indicators and definitions; • GPF-funded country pilots in health and education; • Social protection indicators under development; • Teacher Policies Around the World (TPAW); • Website and discussion paper (forthcoming).

11. Additional Resources • Public Expenditure Review (PER) Toolkit (On-Line); • Quality of Medical Care Case Studies and Tools (On-Line); • Error, Fraud and Corruption Toolkit in Social Protection (On-Line); • Public Expenditure Tracking Survey and Absenteeism Guidance Notes and “One-Stop-Shop” PETS/QSDS portal (forthcoming). www.worldbank.org/hdchiefeconomist

12. Future Plans • Expand database of definitions (a ‘living database’); • Mainstreaming data collection • Summary volume based on the 5 health surveys; • Expansion of TPAW in other regions; • Support to teams for PETS/QSDS and absenteeism surveys (training; clinics-on-demand); • Piloting new areas of data collection • Information indicators building on the work with Global Integrity.

13. Thank You