1 / 18

New Research in Probiotics

New Research in Probiotics. Introduction. Humans have evolved in symbiosis with an estimated 10 14 resident microorganisms There are at least 10 x more bacteria cells than human cells in the human body, accounting for 1-3% of total body mass.

kieve
Télécharger la présentation

New Research in Probiotics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. New Research in Probiotics

  2. Introduction • Humans have evolved in symbiosis with an estimated 1014 resident microorganisms • There are at least 10 x more bacteria cells than human cells in the human body, accounting for 1-3% of total body mass. • Definition of Probiotics:Live microorganisms which, when ingested in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host.

  3. Objectives • To be able to name at least three probiotic microbes that are beneficial to humans • To be able to think of 2-3 food delivery methods for probiotics that are acceptable to consumers. • To be able to match a probiotic microbe with its corresponding health benefit.

  4. Outline • Historical uses of microbes • Probiotic-immunity background • Research on types of probiotics -Immune Enhancing -Cholesterol lowering -Vitamin D increasing -Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) preventative • Activity • Conclusion

  5. Historical Uses of Microbes • Lactobacillus species have been used throughout history to preserve or create foods through fermentation. • Some examples:

  6. Immune Enhancing Probiotics Background: • Probiotics work against infection in three main ways: • Competitive Inhibition: Using up resources and space that pathogenic bacteria need to thrive • Bactericidal effects: -Lactic acid production lowering pH. -Bacteriocinproduction which inhibits growth of some bacteria and fungi. 3. Immune System Stimulation: ex. Crossing the mucosal cell wall; “keeping the immune system honest”

  7. Immune Enhancing Probiotics • The Study: 4 week trial with healthy individuals • Hypothesis: Probiotic yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus gasseri CECT 5714 and Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT 5711 will enhance immunity markers in healthy humans more than standard yogurt. • Markers Tested: phagocytic activity, total immunoglobulins and cytokines

  8. Immune Enhancing Probiotics • The Results:

  9. Cholesterol Lowering Probiotics • Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 • Some bacteria have the enzyme: bile salt hydrolase (BSH) • BSH active bacteria cleave the bond between the sterol (or bile salt) backbone and the amino acid conjugate. • Deconjugated bile salts are less efficiently reabsorbed than their conjugated counterparts.

  10. Cholesterol Lowering Probiotics • Probiotic organisms with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity: • Bifidobacterium adolescentis • B. animalis • B. breve • B. infantis • B. longum • Bifidobacterium sp. • Lactobacillus acidophilus • L. casei • L. fermentum • L. gasseri • L. helveticus • L. paracasei subsp. paracasei • L. rhamnosus • L. plantarum • *L. Reuteri NCIMB 30242 (Marketed as Cardioviva)*

  11. Vitamin D Increasing Probiotics There are two main proposed mechanisms: • Dietary vitamin D is better absorbed in lower pH environments and L. reuteri produces lactic acid thus lowering intestinal pH. • Reduced absorption of cholesterol increases HMG-CoA reductase activity which leads to increased synthesis of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) • The L. reuteriNCIMB 30242 group increased 25(OH)D by 14.9 nmol/l or 25.5% over the intervention period

  12. Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea (AAD) Preventative Probiotics • Antibiotics attack specific bacterial pathogens but in the process end up killing beneficial human microbiota. • Broad-spectrum antibiotics especially, can upset the uniquely balanced gut ratio. • The Gut is left vulnerable and pathogenic bacteria thrive

  13. Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea (AAD) Preventative Probiotics • 2000. • C. difficile infection can increase mortality rates by 10%–30% and makes the average LOS 3x greater. • Hospital acquired C. diffinfections are not reimbursable by Medicare • The number of C. difficile related diseases increased by 200% between 2000 and 2005.

  14. Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea (AAD) Preventative Probiotics • Saccharomyces boulardii (yeast) • Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG = culturelle • Study done by the Veterans Administration of Puget Sound Health Care System studied the effect of three types of probiotics: Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, and probiotic mixture of both). • Patients who received antibiotics were given a dose of the probiotic treatment (in pill form) daily until the antibiotics were finished. • The result: was that these two bacteria individually and combined significantly reduced the development of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. • Only S. boulardii was significantly effective for C. diff associated diarrhea (CDD).

  15. Activity • Which is not a probiotic microbe known to benefit humans? • Lactobacillus rhamnosus • Lactobacillus gasseri • Leucosporidium frigidum • Saccharomyces boulardii

  16. Match the probiotic with its benefit • Lactobacillus rhamnosus • Lactobacillus gasseri • Lactobacillus reuteri • Increases vitamin D • Reduces incidence of antibiotic associated diarrhea • Increases phagocytic activity

  17. Conclusion • Many different microbes have a multitude of health benefits • Do what you can to promote probiotics among patients and clients • Thank You!

More Related