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Redefining America: Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey Luis R. Fraga

Redefining America: Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey Luis R. Fraga University of Washington John A. Garcia University of Arizona Rodney E. Hero University of Notre Dame Michael Jones-Correa Cornell University Valerie Martinez-Ebers University of North Texas Gary M. Segura

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Redefining America: Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey Luis R. Fraga

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  1. Redefining America: Findings from the 2006 Latino National Survey Luis R. Fraga University of Washington John A. Garcia University of Arizona Rodney E. Hero University of Notre Dame Michael Jones-Correa Cornell University Valerie Martinez-Ebers University of North Texas Gary M. Segura University of Washington

  2. Percent Hispanic of U.S. Population, 1960-2030 Percent Source: Chapter 2. Multiple Origins, Uncertain Destinies. Adapted from Figure 2-2.

  3. Hispanic Births and Net Immigration by Decade: 1960-2030 Millions Source: Chapter 2. Multiple Origins, Uncertain Destinies. Adapted from Figure 2-1.

  4. Source: Population Projections Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2002

  5. Latino National Survey • A “national” telephone survey of 8634 Latino residents of the United States, seeking a broad understanding of the qualitative nature of Latino political and social life in America • State-stratified samples that reach approximately 90% coverage of the national Latino population • Approximately 40 minutes (length and number of questions depends on split-samples, etc) • English and Spanish • Universe is All Latino adults, not citizens or voters

  6. Themes within the Survey • Survey includes…many of the questions or topics you have grown to love from existing surveys, whenever possible to ensure comparability; • Questions submitted by various political scientists specifically targeted at states; • Questions suggested by the advisory board • Beyond the standard, we focused on transnationalism, identity, inter-group and intra-group relations, gender, education, policy preferences, discrimination, mobilization and overall political orientations • Some questions specific to foreign born, non-citizens, registered voters, and residents of specific states

  7. Stratified Structure The survey is stratified, that is, creates stand-alone samples in 15 states and the DC Metro area allowing us to speak to specific political contexts • Arizona 400 • Arkansas 400 • California 1200 • Colorado 400 • DC-SMSA 400 • Florida 800 • Georgia 400 • Illinois 600 • Iowa 400 • Nevada 400 • New Jersey 400 • New Mexico 400 • New York 800 • North Carolina 400 • Texas 800 • Washington 400 • TOTAL 8600

  8. Florida Sub-samples • Metro Miami Area: 481 • Metro Orlando: 86 • Tampa / St. Petersburg : 79 • Rest of the State: 154

  9. Sources of Funding • Annie E. Casey Foundation • Carnegie Corporation • Ford Foundation • Hewlett Foundation • Irvine Foundation • Joyce Foundation • Kellogg Foundation • National Science Foundation • Russell Sage Foundation • Texas A&M University: MALRC, PERG

  10. Demographics in the Latino National Survey

  11. Latino Diversity 44 million Latinos in the US Census Bureau(American Community Survey, Released August 2006) Mexican 63.9% Puerto Rican 9% Cuban 3.5% Salvadoran 2.9% Dominican 2.7% Guatemalan 1.7% Colombian 1.8% ALL OTHERS 14.3% Native-born (not Island-born): 35.4% Foreign-born 61% Island-born PR 3.6% No high school diploma 43% College graduate 11.1% • Latino National Survey(unweighted N) • Summer 2006 • *Mexican 66.1% (5704) • *Puerto Rican 9.5% (822) • *Cuban 4.9% (420) • *Salvadoran 4.7% (407) • *Dominican 3.9% (335) • *Guatemalan 1.7% (149) • *Colombian 1.6% (139) • *All Others 7.6% • *Native-born 28.4% (2450) • *Foreign-born (adults) 66.2% (5717) • *Island-born PR 5.4% (467) • *No high school diploma 37% • *College graduate 16.2%

  12. Country of Origin for Florida Latinos by Sampling Area of the Latino National Survey Nation Florida Miami* Orlando Tampa Rest Area Area Area of state Cuban 3.9 30.0 81.9 3.0 7.6 7.6 Mexican 63.9 16.3 22.5 7.8 15.5 54.3 Puerto Ricans 9.0 21.0 16.9 31.3 16.9 27.1 Dominicans 2.7 9.9 88.5 5.1 3.8 2.6 Central Amer. 2.0 9.0 4.2 3.2 4.2 11.3 South Amer. 24.2 12.4 73.5 9.2 6.2 10.2 The totals for each national origin group is close to 100% across each row starting in the * column

  13. Nativity Status for Florida Latinos18 Years and Older Nation Florida Miami Orlando Tampa Rest of Metro Metro Metro State Born Outside U.S. 66.7 85.6 88.6 83.7 77.2 81.8 Born U.S. 28.6 14.4 11.4 16.3 22.8 18.2 Naturalized*30.1 51.9 59.544.4 38.1 27.8 * Percentage is based upon the number of Latinos who have naturalized divided by the total foreign born Latinos

  14. Generational Statusfor Florida Latinos Florida Miami Orlando Tampa Rest of Metro Metro Metro State Gen 1 87.3 89.5 86.7 80.3 84.0 Gen 2 12.8 8.6 10.8 10.5 10.0 Gen 3 9.3 .2 1.2 1.3 2.7 Gen 4+ 8.7 1.7 1.2 7.9 3.3

  15. Latino-ness: Extent of Latino Pan-Ethnicity

  16. Are there commonalities of culture and history? Are there commonalities of interests and circumstances ? Do Institutions cluster Spanish origin sub-groups as one group? Mass media (both English and Spanish speaking) does characterize and make appeals as Latinos/Hispanics. Organizations and leaders promote the idea of Latinos as a community. Pan-Ethnicity and Latinos

  17. Individual Latino Linked Fate: How much does your “doing well” depend on other Latinos/Hispanics also doing well? A lot, some, a little, or not at all? *Statistically significant at .05

  18. Latino Linked Fate How much does [your ethnic subgroup] “doing well” depend on how other Hispanics or Latinos also doing well? A lot, some, a little, or not at all? Statistically not significant

  19. Among Multiple Identities- What is The Primary Identification among Latino Sub-Groups Statistically significant @.055

  20. Not statistically significant

  21. Perceptions of Common Political Interests : Now thinking about things like government services and employment, political power, and representation, how much do you have in common with other Latinos/Hispanics? Would you say you have a lot in common, some in common, little in common, or nothing at all in common? Statistically significant @ <.05

  22. LATINO GROUP PERCEPTIONS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC COMMONALITIES Thinking about issues like job opportunities, education or income, how much do your ethnic subgroup have in common with other Latinos or Hispanics? Would you say [ethnic subgroup] share a lot in common, some things in common, little in common, or nothing in common with other Latinos? NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT

  23. LATINO GROUP PERCEPTIONS OF POLITICAL COMMONALITIES Now thinking about things like government services and employment, political power and representation, how much do [ethnic subgroup] have in common with other Hispanics or Latinos? Would you say [ethnic subgroup] share a lot in common, some things in common, little in common, or nothing in common with other Statistically significant @<.05

  24. Assimilation, Values, and Identity

  25. Language Preference Among Florida’s Latinos

  26. Importance of Learning English Among Florida’s Latinos

  27. Importance of Retaining Spanish Among Florida’s Latinos Question: How important do you think it is for you and your family to maintain the ability to speak Spanish?

  28. Importance of Learning English/ Retaining Spanish across Generationsfor Florida’s Latinos Statistically significant @<.05

  29. Preferences for Cultural Assimilation and Distinctness • Support for blending into the larger culture and for maintaining a distinct culture are positively and significantly related (r=.115): • Not seen as an either/or proposition • * Statistically significant @ <.05 • ** Represents overall national responses

  30. Latinos and Partisanship

  31. Patterns of Partisanship:National and Florida Overall U.S. Born FL Born Outside FL U.S. Democrat 44.83 59.12 40.35 37.02 30.19 Republican17.69 20.32 28.95 16.25 29.84 Independent8.28 5.53 7.02 9.78 9.60 Don’t Care13.08 5.12 11.84 17.43 14.31 Don’t Know16.12 9.91 11.84 19.51 16.06

  32. Partisanship Among Citizensin U.S. and Florida U.S. FL Naturalized FL Reg. FL Not Reg. FL Democrat 59.1 40.2 47.7 42.7 59.8 37.6 41.6 32.0 Republican20.3 28.9 22.1 33.7 22.3 38.8 15.9 24.0 Independent5.5 7.1 8.3 6.7 6.1 7.7 7.8 2.7 Don’t Care5.1 11.9 8.8 7.9 3.8 7.1 14.4 22.7 Don’t Know 9.9 11.8 13.1 9.0 8.0 8.9 20.4 18.7

  33. Patterns of Partisanship- Florida

  34. Partisanship and Genderamong Florida’s Latinos MaleFemale Democrat 45.3% 44.5% Republican 20.0 15.6 Independent 9.1 7.5 Don’t Care 11.9 14.2 Don’t Know 13.7 18.3

  35. Citizenship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing the Country-National and Florida Citizen FL Non-citizen FL Iraq War 30.1 35.0 33.0 37.6 Economy 14.2 15.8 12.1 12.1 Illegal Immigration 9.0 6.3 15.0 9.5 Education/ Schools 4.1 2.2 1.1 1.6 Other 12.3 11.7 7.0 8.8 “What do you think is THE one most important problem facing the country today?”

  36. Partisanship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing the Country Democrat FL Republican FL Independent FL Iraq War34.0 34.5 29.9 40.3 27.5 36.6 Economy 14.6 17.4 12.9 13.1 12.7 12.7 Illegal Immigration 9.5 7.6 12.7 5.5 16.9 9.9 Education/ Schools 3.9 2.7 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 Other 10.5 11.7 12.8 11.0 10.9 8.5 “What do you think is THE one most important problem facing the country today?”

  37. Partisanship and Issue Positions:Preferred Party to Address Problem Facing Country Dems FL Reps FL Neither FL Don’t FL Know Democrat 38.2 41.9 6.4 5.8 40.1 37.4 14.5 15.0 Republican8.8 4.2 30.4 41.1 45.6 44.1 15.3 10.6 Independent12.4 2.7 6.2 3.9 51.6 58.2 29.7 35.3 Don’t Care6.6 5.2 4.1 5.5 42.5 46.3 46.8 43.0 Don’t Know5.9 6.7 4.9 10.0 34.3 30.1 54.9 53.3 “Which political party do you think has a better approach to address this problem?”

  38. Citizenship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing Latinos Citizen FL Non-citizen FL Illegal Immigration 25.4 25.0 34.6 39.8 Education/ Schools 13.8 12.0 3.6 2.9 Unemp/Jobs 11.6 9.2 12.7 13.4 Iraq War 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.0 Other 12.8 15.5 9.1 7.9 “What do you think is THE one most important problem facing the Latino community today?”

  39. Partisanship and Issue Positions:Problem Facing Latinos Democrat FL Republican FL Independent FL Illegal Immigration 27.8 30.3 28.1 27.9 33.2 37.3 Education/ Schools 12.9 10.6 9.5 10.7 6.0 6.2 Unemp./Jobs 12.2 9.5 12.0 15.4 12.1 6.5 Iraq War 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.6 Other 12.4 15.6 13.5 14.0 10.9 10.6 “What do you think is THE one most important problem facing the Latino community today?”

  40. Partisanship and Issue Positions:Preferred Party to Address Problem Facing Latinos Dems FL Reps FL Neither FL Don’t FL Know Democrat 41.7 46.8 5.7 2.5 37.7 36.9 14.9 13.8 Republican12.9 9.3 24.5 32.2 42.2 41.2 20.4 17.3 Independent10.0 7.8 7.7 8.6 50.3 48.9 32.1 34.7 Don’t Care 8.7 6.2 4.1 6.9 41.8 37.7 45.4 49.2 Don’t Know7.6 10.3 4.3 3.0 30.4 31.5 57.8 55.2 “Which political party do you think has a better approach to address this problem?”

  41. Public Policy Issues and Cuba

  42. Resumption of U.S. Diplomatic Relations with Cuba

  43. First Generation Second Generation Fourth Generation Third Generation Positions on Diplomatic Relations with Cuba by Generation

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