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September 4, 2014

Computer Science at Azusa Pacific University. CS400 Compiler Construction. Sheldon X. Liang Ph. D. September 4, 2014. Azusa, CA. 1. September 4, 2014. Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702, Tel: (800) 8 25-5278

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September 4, 2014

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  1. Computer Science at Azusa Pacific University CS400 Compiler Construction Sheldon X. Liang Ph. D. September 4, 2014 Azusa, CA 1 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  2. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Objectives • Be able to build a compiler for a (simplified) (programming) language • Know how to use compiler construction tools, such as generators of scanners and parsers • Be familiar with virtual machines, such as the JVM and Java bytecode • Be able to define LL(1), LR(1), and LALR(1) grammars • Be familiar with compiler analysis and optimization techniques • … learn how to work on a larger software project! 2 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  3. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Compilers and Interpreters • “Compilation” • Translation of a program written in a source language into a semantically equivalent program written in a target language Input Compiler Target Program Source Program Error messages Output 3 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  4. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Compilers and Interpreters • “Interpretation” • Performing the operations implied by the source program Source Program Interpreter Output Input Error messages 4 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  5. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction The Analysis-Synthesis Model of Compilation • There are two parts to compilation: • Analysis determines the operations implied by the source program which are recorded in a tree structure • Synthesis takes the tree structure and translates the operations therein into the target program 5 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  6. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Other Tools that Use Analysis-Synthesis Model • Editors (syntax highlighting) • Pretty printers (e.g. Doxygen) • Static checkers (e.g. Lint and Splint) • Interpreters • Text formatters (e.g. TeX and LaTeX) • Silicon compilers (e.g. VHDL) • Query interpreters/compilers (Databases) 6 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  7. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Preprocessors, Compilers, Assemblers, and Linkers Skeletal Source Program Preprocessor Source Program Try for example: gcc -v myprog.c Compiler Target Assembly Program Assembler Relocatable Object Code Libraries and Relocatable Object Files Linker Absolute Machine Code 7 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  8. The Phases of a Compiler

  9. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction The Grouping of Phases • Compiler front and back ends: • Front end: analysis (machine independent) • Back end: synthesis (machine dependent) • Compiler passes: • A collection of phases is done only once (single pass) or multiple times (multi pass) • Single pass: usually requires everything to be defined before being used in source program • Multi pass: compiler may have to keep entire program representation in memory 9 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  10. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Compiler-Construction Tools • Software development tools are available to implement one or more compiler phases • Scanner generators • Parser generators • Syntax-directed translation engines • Automatic code generators • Data-flow engines 10 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  11. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Outline • Ch. 1: Introduction Walkthrough: a Miniature Compiler • Ch. 2: A simple One-Pass Compiler for the JVM Technology: Analysis and Methods • Ch. 3: Lexical Analysis and Lex/Flex • Ch. 4: Syntax Analysis and Yacc/Bison Front-end: Intermediate Code Generation • Ch. 5: Syntax-Directed Definition and Translation • Ch. 6: Intermediate Code Generation Back-end: Object Code Generation • Ch. 8: Code Generation Advanced topics: Runtime and Parallelism Env. • Ch. 7: Run-Time Environments • Ch.11: Optimization for parallelism 11 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

  12. CS@APU: CS400 Compiler Construction Introduction to Compiler Thank you very much! Questions? 12 September 4, 2014 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702,Tel: (800) 825-5278 Department of Computer Science,http://www.apu.edu/clas/computerscience/

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