1 / 19

Gender of Nouns

Gender of Nouns. Deutsch 2. Nouns. All German nouns are capitalized. All German nouns have a grammatical gender. The noun is either masculine, feminine, or neuter. The definite article der (the) accompanies a masculine noun, die accompanies a feminine noun, and das a neuter noun.

kineta
Télécharger la présentation

Gender of Nouns

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Gender of Nouns Deutsch 2

  2. Nouns • All German nouns are capitalized. • All German nouns have a grammatical gender. • The noun is either masculine, feminine, or neuter. • The definite article der(the) accompanies a masculine noun, dieaccompanies a feminine noun, and dasa neuter noun.

  3. Noun Groups

  4. General rules • Nouns that refer specifically to male beings, such as father, uncle, etc., are usually masculine. • Nouns that refer to female beings, such as mother, daughter, etc., are usually feminine. • Nouns referring to young people and young animals are usually neuter. All diminuativesending in –chen and –leinare neuter. • das Mädchen das Kind • das Fräulein das Kalb • das Kätzchen das Küken • HOWEVER, nouns referring to things are NOT always neuter but can have a masculine or feminine gender. For this reason the gender of each noun should be memorized.

  5. Masculine nouns - groups • Names of ALL calendar days • Names of ALL calendar months • Names of ALL seasons • Names of ALL cardinal directions • der Süden • der Norden • der Westen • der Osten

  6. Feminine nouns - groups • Names of MOST trees • die Tanne • die Eiche • Names of MOST fruits • die Banane • die Pflaume • EXCEPTION: der Apfel • Names of MOST flowers • die Orchidee • die Lilie

  7. Neuter noun - Groups • Names of MOST cities • das historischeMünchen • das übervölkerteHongkong • Names of MOST countries • das neutraleSchweden • das moderne Deutschland NOTE: The neuter article for MOST cities and countries is used only if the noun is modified. Without a modifier, one simply uses München, Berlin, Italien, etc.

  8. Exceptions • Femininecountries: • die Schweiz • die Türkei • die TschechischeRepublik • Masculine countries: • der Iran • der Irak • Countries that are ONLY used in the plural. • die Niederlande • die VereinigtenStaaten NOTE: These exceptions are ALWAYS used with their articles, whether they are modified or not. “Wir besuchen die Schweiz.”

  9. Neuter noun - Groups • Names of MOST metals and chemical elements • das Gold • das Kupfer • das Helium • EXCEPTION: der Stahl

  10. Noun endings

  11. Masculine Word endings • Nouns ending in –el, -en, -er, -ig, -ich, and –ling are USUALLY masculine. • der Schlüssel der Zucker • der Löffel der Honig • der Wagen der Pfennig • der Boden der Teppich • der Teller der Lehrling • EXCEPTIONS: • die Butter das Messer das Wetter die Gabel • die Mutter das Zimmer das Leder • die Tochter das Fenster das Kissen

  12. feminine word endings • Nouns ending in –age, -ei, -heit, -keit, -schaft, -ie, -ik, -in, -ion, -tät, -ung, -urare ALMOST ALWAYS feminine. Nouns ending in –e are USUALLY feminine. • die Courage die Musik • die Liebe die Fabrik • die Politik die Köchin • die Krankheit die Nation • die Schönheitdie Universität • die Freundlichkeit die Wohnung • die Freundschaft die Rechnung • die Melodie die Diktatur • die Familie die Literatur

  13. Neuter word endings • Nouns ending in –tum, -ment, -ium, -um are USUALLY neuter. • das Christentum • das Instrument • das Gymnasium • das Museum • das Datum • Infinitives used as nouns are ALWAYS neuter. • das Hören • das Sehen

  14. nouns with different meanings • The following pairs of words have different meanings for masculine feminine and neuter forms. • der Golf gulf das Golf golf • der Jungeboy das Jungeyoung animal • der Leiterleader, manager die Leiterladder • der See lake (inland) die See sea (ocean) • der Tor fool das Tor gate, goal (in soccer)

  15. compound nouns • Compound nouns are formed by combining two or more nouns. The gender of the compound noun matches the gender of the last noun. • der Motor, das Boot das Motorboot • der Zahn, die Bürste die Zahnbürste • das Wasser, die Farbe die Wasserfarbe • die Tannen (pl), der Baum der Tannenbaum • die Kranken (pl), der Wagen der Krankenwagen • die Tage (pl), das Buch das Tagebuch

  16. more compound nouns • Some compound nouns are formed by two singular nouns connected by an –s. • der Staat, das Examen das Staatsexmen • der Sport, der Mann der Sportsmann • der Geburtstag, der Kuchen der Geburtstagskuchen • das Mitglied, die Karte die Mitgliedskarte • der Liebling, die Melodie die Lieblingsmelodie • die Universität, der Professor der Universitätsprofessor

  17. Nouns used only in the singular • die Liebedie Musik • der Schmuck das Leder • das Viehder Wein • die Milch das Fleisch • die Butter der Honig • das Gold

  18. Plural Nouns • No gender is given to plural nouns. • ALL plural nouns have the same definite and indefinite articles. • Unlike English plural nouns, in German, nouns rarely form their plural forms by adding –s. • More about plural nouns later.

  19. Resources • Gschossmann-Hendershot, E.F. (). Schaum’s Outline of German Grammar : Second Edition.

More Related