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Ethical Theories and Decision Making

Ethical Theories and Decision Making . Five theoretical approaches . Moral decision making. Deciding current issues. Ethical Theories. Consequentialist – which goal? 1. Social Utilitarian/Pragmatism. Who benefits? What is the probability of benefit? . Ethical Theories.

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Ethical Theories and Decision Making

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  1. Ethical Theories and Decision Making • Five theoretical approaches • Moral decision making • Deciding current issues

  2. Ethical Theories Consequentialist – which goal? 1. Social Utilitarian/Pragmatism Who benefits? What is the probability of benefit?

  3. Ethical Theories • Deontological – which rule? 2. Duty We have a duty to do good to other people, not evil. Two test to know our duty are: will that everyone would act as I plan to act treat people as ends, not as means only

  4. Ethical Theories • Rights 3. Natural Law – things are naturally good or evil 4. Divine Command – God made things good or evil

  5. Ethical Theories • Voluntarist – which virtue? 5. Character – moral ideal Justice Love

  6. Not a Theory Relativism • Social relativism • Personal relativism • Deconstruction • Post-modernism

  7. Deriviation of Ethics Conduct Character Consequentialism Deontology Law/Command Virtue What action? What good? What is right? Who is good? Utility Duty Rights Virtue (everyone) (imperative) (nature, given) (attitude, intuition)

  8. Ethical & Moral Issues • Abortion • Cloning/DNA • Economic Justice • Environment • Equality • Euthanasia • Globalization • War

  9. Arguments in Ethics • Identify an issue • Define the major sides on the issue • Define the key points of each argument • Define the differences between the arguments • Make your own argument for the side of the differences you choose • State a conclusion based on the previous argument

  10. Personal Moral Decision Making • Study the case & clarify the key issue • Identify relevant criteria for a decision • Determine possible theorys & actions • Decide which action solves the problem or resolves the case

  11. Decision making problems • Generalizing • Oversimplification • Double standards • My answer is best – pride • Unwarranted assumptions • Unintended consequences

  12. Making the Decision - 1 • Who are the stakeholders? • What is at issue? • What will create a win-win solution? • Use a Decision Matrix

  13. Making the Decision –2 • Use a Decision Matrix   Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Factor 5 Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5 Alt 6

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