1 / 85

Refrigerated Warehouses Stakeholder Meeting #1

Refrigerated Warehouses Stakeholder Meeting #1. Portland Energy Conservation, Inc. VaCom Technologies Heschong Mahone Group, Inc April 15, 2010. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting. Welcome and Introductions Michele Friedrich, PECI. Agenda.

kiri
Télécharger la présentation

Refrigerated Warehouses Stakeholder Meeting #1

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Refrigerated Warehouses Stakeholder Meeting #1 Portland Energy Conservation, Inc. VaCom Technologies Heschong Mahone Group, Inc April 15, 2010

  2. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting Welcome and Introductions Michele Friedrich, PECI 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  3. Agenda 10:00–10:20 Introduction 10:20–10:35 Overview/History 10:35–11:15 Model & Data Analysis 11:15-12:00 2011 Measures 12:00-12:45 lunch 12:45-2:30 2011 Measures (cont) 2:30-2:45 Acceptance Tests 2:45-3:00 Wrap up 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  4. Ground Rules For those attending by telephone/web Please DO NOT place your phone on HOLD. We do not want to hear your hold music. Please mute your microphone, unless you want to speak. Ask questions/comment by “chat” or by voice. We want to hear your concerns. Opposing viewpoints are encouraged. We are seeking information, not resolution. Time is limited Hold questions/comments until the comment periods. Raise your hand and be acknowledged by presenter. Clearly state your name and affiliation prior to speaking. Speak loudly for the people on the phone. Minutes and presentation material will be distributed. If you are attending by phone, DO NOT place your phone on HOLD. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  5. Schedule of Refrigerated Warehouses Stakeholder Meetings • There will be at least four refrigerated warehouse stakeholder meetings: • March 17 and April 15, 2010: present scope, including: • Code change direction and possible options • Methodology of analysis • August 2010: present findings, including: • Results of data collection and analysis • Cost effectiveness • “Strawman” proposed code language • September 2010: seek final feedback on proposed code language • All meetings can be attended remotely. • Please sign-in for all future meeting announcement mailings. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  6. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting Stakeholder Process Cathy Chappell, HMG 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  7. IOU Support for 2011 Title 24 • The California Investor Owned Utilities (IOUs) are actively supporting the California Energy Commission (CEC) in developing the state’s building energy efficiency standard (Title 24).  • Their joint intent is to achieve significant energy savings through the development of reasonable, responsible, and cost-effective code change proposals for the 2011 code update, and beyond.  • As part of the IOU effort, at the request of the CEC, we are hosting stakeholder meetings to get industry input and feedback on our code change proposals. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  8. Code Change Activity • 2011 T-24 base code • 2011 reach standard • Voluntary standards for local govts. • Green Building Standard • Toward Zero Net Energy goal • 2014 T-24 • Future reach codes 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  9. Requirements for a Successful Code Change To be included in code, a measure must: • Be cost-effective according to the Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) life-cycle costing methodology set out by the California Energy Commission (CEC) • Be possible to implement using equipment that is readily available from multiple providers (or that is reasonably expected to be available following the code change). 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  10. Schedule: CEC Key Dates • Mar 2010 - Dec 2010 • CEC develop foundation • IOUs: • Conduct research, and cost effectiveness analysis • Present results at stakeholder meetings • Dec 2010 • IOUs finalize code change proposals for submittal to CEC • Feb 2011 • CEC opens Rulemaking for Title 24, develop 45-day language • June 15, 2011 • Title 24 Adoption date • Jan. 1, 2013 • Title 24 Implementation date 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  11. Stakeholder Meetings Purpose • Publicize code change proposal • Present to and solicit feedback from stakeholders on: • Methodology • Technology options • Market status • Draft code language • Gather additional information from stakeholders on: • Best practices • Product/technology availability • Market penetration data • Cost data 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  12. Refrigerated WarehousesSpecific Stakeholders Identified • ASHRAE- American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers • AHRI- American Heating And Refrigeration Institute • IIAR- International Institute Of Ammonia Refrigeration • GCCA – Global Cold Chain Alliance (IARW, IACSC) • Equipment manufacturers • Consultants, energy modelers, etc • Refrigerated warehouse building owners • City and County code officials • Equipment distributers and suppliers • Refrigerated warehouse designers • Investor Owned Utilities • California Energy Commission • California Air Resources Board • Non Governmental Organizations 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  13. 2011 CASE Process Overview Comments? Questions? 13 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010

  14. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting Overview of 2008 Title 24 for Refrigerated Warehouses (§ 126) Michele Friedrich, PECI 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  15. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Applicability • Refrigerated Warehouse with Cold or Frozen Storage > 3,000 ft2 Exceptions • Appliance efficiency (Title 20) applies to refrigerated space < 3,000 ft2 • Areas designed solely for quick chilling or freezing 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  16. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Insulation 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  17. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Underslab Heating • Electric resistance heat shall not be used for the purposes of underslab heating. • Exception: Thermostatically controlled and disabled during summer on-peak period defined by local utility. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  18. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Fan-powered Evaporators • Single-phase fan motors < 1 HP and < 460 V shall be electronically commutated motors (ECM). • Fans shall be variable speed, speed controlled in response to space conditions. • Exception: evaporators served by a single compressor without unloading capability. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  19. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Fan-powered Condensers • Condensers for ammonia systems shall be evaporatively cooled. • Design condensing temp for evaporative condenser < design Twetbulb plus: • 20F when design Twetbulb ≤ 76F, • 19F when 76F< design Twetbulb < 78F • 18F when 78F ≤ design Twetbulb 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  20. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Fan-powered Condensers • Design condensing temperatures for Air-cooled condensers: • ≤ the design drybulb temperature plus 10F for frozen storage. • ≤ the design drybulb temperature plus 15F for cold storage. • Exception: Unitary condensing units 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  21. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Fan-powered Condensers • Condenser fans shall be continuously variable speed and the speed of all condenser fans serving a common high side are controlled in unison. • Min condensing temperature set point 70°F or less using ambient reset control • air-cooled reset based on drybulb temp • evap-cooled reset based on wetbulb temp • All single phase motors < 1 hp and < 460 V, either permanent split capacitor or ECM. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  22. Refrigerated WarehousesOverview of 2008 T24 (§ 126) Compressors • Compressors designed to operate at a minimum condensing temperature ≤ 70F • Screw compressor > 50 HP • Speed control in response to load OR • Input power ≤ 60% of full load power at 50% of full refrigeration capacity. • Exception: refrigeration plants with more than one dedicated compressor per suction group 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  23. Information on 2008 Refrigerated Warehouse Standard • Classes on 2008 Standard SCE: August 2, CTAC- Irwindale • Energy Efficiency Hotline • E-mail: title24@energy.state.ca.us • Phone: 916-654-5106 or • Phone: 1-800-772-3300 (toll free in Calif.) • Title 24 website www.energy.ca.gov/title24/ 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  24. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting Building Models and Assumptions Brian Dobbs, VaCom Technologies 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  25. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview • Savings calculated with DOE2.2R • Whole-building/system hourly simulation tool • Mass-flow based • Designed for component/control strategy level modeling • Explicit simulation of most refrigeration control strategies • Hourly weather file • Hourly DBT, WBT, wind velocity, solar • Hourly schedules • Loads, operations, set-points 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  26. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview • DOE2.2R allows detailed simulation of building envelope • Building constructions • Define materials and thermal properties • Calculates roof and wall load • Accounts for building configuration • Orientation, adjacent spaces 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  27. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview • Details of space definitions • Simulates infiltration load using: • ASHRAE methodology for interzonal air exchange (density difference) • Wind velocity adjusted external infiltration • Hourly activity schedules • Lighting and lighting controls can be defined • Miscellaneous equipment loads can be added • Process loads • Evaporator fan • Power usage • Controls (VFD, fan cycling) 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  28. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview Example of Hourly Schedule Inputs 28 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010

  29. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview • Detail equipment operation 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  30. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview Energy usage summary and break-outs 30 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010

  31. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview Utility usage summary and break-outs 31 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010

  32. Refrigerated WarehousesData Analysis Overview • Initial Analysis: Sacramento weather • Baseline simulation models: • Large warehouse (92,000 ft2) • Screw compressors • R-717 refrigerant • Evaporative-cooled condenser • Small warehouse (26,000 ft2) • Semi-hermetic compressors • R-404A refrigerant • Air-cooled condensers 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  33. Refrigerated Warehouses Baseline Warehouse Description • Freezer Space • 40,000 S.F. (Large Warehouse) • 10,000 S.F. (Small Warehouse) • -10°F space temperature • R-36 insulation • Cooler Space • 40,000 S.F. (Large Warehouse) • 10,000 S.F. (Small Warehouse) • 35°F space temperature • R-28 Insulation • Loading Dock • 12,000 S.F. (Large Warehouse) • 6,000 S.F. (Small Warehouse) • 40°F space temperature • R-28 insulation 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  34. Refrigerated WarehousesWarehouse Diagrams Small Warehouse Large Warehouse 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  35. Refrigerated WarehousesLarge Warehouse System Description • LT Suction Group • Serves Freezer space • -23°F design SST • (2) screw compressors, 62.5 TR capacity, 165 HP each at design • Evaporator fan power calculated using 34 Btuh/W spec efficiency • MT Suction Group • Serves Cooler and Dock spaces • 22°F design SST • (2) screw compressors, 110.2 TR capacity, 134 HP each at design • Evaporator fan power calculated using 34 Btuh/W spec efficiency • Evaporative-cooled Condenser • 6,400 MBH capacity at design TD = 23°F (96°F design SCT, 73°F design WBT) • 330 Btuh/Watt specific efficiency at 100°F SCT, 70°F WBT • 70°F minimum SCT, wetbulb-following SCT control, variable speed fans working in unison 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  36. Refrigerated WarehousesSmall Warehouse System Description • Low-Temperature (Freezer) System • -23°F design SST, 114°F design SCT • (8) Semi-hermetic compressors • Air-cooled condensers, 10°F design TD, 53 Btuh/Watt • 70°F minimum SCT, drybulb-following control strategy, variable-speed fans • Evaporator fan power calculated using 34 Btuh/Watt • Medium-Temperature (Cooler and Dock) System • 22°F design SST, 119°F design SCT • (4) Semi-hermetic compressors • Air-cooled condenser, 15°F design TD, 53°F Btuh/Watt • 70°F minimum SCT, drybulb-following control strategy, variable-speed fans • Evaporator fan power calculated using 34 Btuh/Watt 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  37. Refrigerated Warehouses Screw Compressor Performance • Model in large warehouse only • Convert two-compressor suction group to single-compressor • LT and MT system evaluated • Slide valve part-load performance from manufacturer’s software • Speed reduction part-load performance from manufacturer’s software • Speed reduction down to minimum speed, then slide valve unloading • Analysis includes 3% fixed drive losses 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  38. Refrigerated Warehouses Screw Compressor Performance 38 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting Sample Part-load Relation 04/15/2010

  39. Refrigerated WarehousesWarehouse Load Description 39 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010

  40. Refrigerated WarehousesWarehouse Load Description 40 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010

  41. 2011 Refrigerated WarehousesBuilding Model and Assumptions Comments? Questions? 41 41 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010 04/15/2010

  42. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting 2011 Enhancements of Title 24 for Refrigerated Warehouses Doug Scott, VaCom Technologies 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  43. Refrigerated Warehouse 2011 Cycle Title 24 Measures Base Code (2011) Freezer Floor and Roof Insulation R-values Evaporator Specific Efficiency (BTUh/W) Condenser Specific Efficiency (BTUh/W) Ammonia System Air-cooled Condensers Screw Compressor Part-load Performance Acceptance Tests Reach Code Condensing Unit EER (BTUh/W) 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  44. 2008 Refrigerated WarehouseInsulation Analysis Summary However, 2008 Standard R-values selected to matched Title 20 Standard for walk-ins 2008 freezer roof and floor: R-36 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  45. 2011 Freezer Roof and Floor Insulation Measures • Investigate cost-effectiveness of additional freezer roof insulation • Greater choices for refrigerated warehouses R-values than for foamed-in-place walk-in panels • Investigate cost-effectiveness of R-36 floor insulation vs. a lower level, consistent with standard increment of extruded polystyrene under slab insulation • Make analysis and requirements consistent in terms of rating temperature (applied temperatures or ~75 F) and new vs. aged 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  46. 2011 Freezer Roof and FloorInsulation Analysis • Increase freezer roof insulation incrementally from R-36 to ~R-50 • Decrease freezer floor insulation incrementally from R-36 to ~R-24 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  47. 2011 Freezer Roof and FloorInsulation Data Summary • Obtain details on common insulation size increments and incremental costs for: • Underfloor extruded polystyrene • Common over-deck insulation compositions • EPS and ISO sandwich roof/ceiling panels. • Determine assumptions for insulation rating temperature and aged vs. new R-value • Verify FIP panels can meet requirement • Identify other constructability issues 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  48. 2011 Freezer Roof and FloorInsulation Data Collection Tasks • Contact: • Cold storage construction contractors • Insulation and panel manufacturers • GCCA/IACSC (Intl Assn for Cold Storage Const.) • Extract information from past new construction projects • Review requirements in Fed WI Test Standard for testing consistency 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

  49. 2011 Freezer Roof and FloorInsulation Comments? Questions? 49 49 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting 04/15/2010 04/15/2010

  50. 2011 Evaporator Specific Efficiency Code Change Options • Specific Efficiency = Cooling capacity at a standard rating value divided by power. • Rating point: 10°F TD between entering air temperature and saturated suction; doesn’t mean this is the applied TD • Very large range of specific efficiencies. • High potential savings simply by eliminating the least efficient (high fan power) models, which are not normally used in well engineered systems. 2011 Refrigerated Warehouse Stakeholder Meeting

More Related