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Women’s Health Initiative

Women’s Health Initiative. Linda Snetselaar, PhD, RD Professor Interim Chair of the Department of Community and Behavioral Health College of Public Health University of Iowa. Background. 15- year, $625 million national health study funded by NHLBI

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Women’s Health Initiative

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  1. Women’s Health Initiative Linda Snetselaar, PhD, RD Professor Interim Chair of the Department of Community and Behavioral Health College of Public Health University of Iowa

  2. Background • 15- year, $625 million national health study funded by NHLBI • Focused on chronic disease prevention in postmenopausal women of all races • Heart disease • Breast cancer • Colorectal cancer • Osteoporotic fractures • 161,808 women aged 50-79

  3. WHI Sites • 40 clinics throughout the US • Three locations in Iowa: • Iowa City • Davenport • Des Moines

  4. Two Main Study Components • Randomized clinical trial • 3 prevention strategies-women could enroll in any or all (if eligible) • Hormone therapy • Dietary modification • Calcium and Vitamin D • Observational study • Examines relationships between lifestyle, health, risk factors, and disease outcomes

  5. Hormone Therapy Trials • Estrogen plus progestin • Estrogen alone • Placebo • Hormone groups stopped treatment early, but all participants continued to be followed until the end of the study

  6. Dietary Modifications (DM) Trial • Evaluated impact of diet on prevention of breast and colorectal cancer and heart disease • Low fat • High fruit • High vegetable • High grain

  7. DM Comparison Group • Follow regular eating habits • Keep a food record a few days each year • Attend a clinic visit one time each year

  8. Dietary Change Group • Attend nutrition sessions to: • Lower fat (20% kcal from fat) • Increase fruits and vegetables (> 5 servings per day) • Increase grains (> 6 servings per day) • Frequently keep a food record • One clinic visit per year

  9. DM Nutrition Sessions • The first year • 18 nutrition classes • Once a week for 6 weeks • Every other week for 6 weeks • Once a month for 9 months • 1 clinic and 1 phone visit • The second year and beyond • 4 nutrition classes each year • 1 clinic and 1 phone visit

  10. Calcium and Vitamin D Trial • Evaluated the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on osteoporotic fractures and colorectal cancer • Calcium and vitamin D supplements group • Placebo group

  11. Observational Study Group • Completed questionnaires reporting changes in health and activities over time • No other required study activities

  12. Women's Health Initiative Video

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