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The first crusade

The first crusade. http://www.alamo.edu/sac/history/keller/Crusades.jpg. How it began. Christians would often visit holy sites in Jerusalem In 1071, however, the Turkish Muslims conquered the area and no longer allowed it They also threatened the nearby Byzantine Empire. How it began.

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The first crusade

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  1. The first crusade http://www.alamo.edu/sac/history/keller/Crusades.jpg

  2. How it began • Christians would often visit holy sites in Jerusalem • In 1071, however, the Turkish Muslims conquered the area and no longer allowed it • They also threatened the nearby Byzantine Empire

  3. How it began • The Byzantine emperor (Alexius) asked Pope Urban II to help him • The Pope wanted to unite all European Christians so he would have more power • He made a speech that encouraged people to fight; this helped launch the first crusade. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_wX0ryj-RWpw/RwcZUsEnoAI/AAAAAAAAAFM/t6H1wU79caE/s320/Urban+II.jpg

  4. Definition • A crusade is a religious war that is sanctioned by the Pope. • The word “crusade” comes from the Spanish cruzade which means “marked with the cross” • Crusaders wore red crosses on their chests https://www.echidnasontheloose.com.au/images/P/templerknight_web.jpg

  5. Reasons to Serve: Nobles • Decided to fight to gain more $ and land. http://www.traditioninaction.org/History/HistImages/A_002_CrusadesA.jpg

  6. Reasons to Serve: Knights • wanted to defend Jerusalem, “God’s fief” • excited by the idea of an adventure http://students.ou.edu/S/Frederick.D.Sexton-1.Jr/knights_crusades.jpg

  7. Reasons to Serve: Peasants • If they joined the crusade, they were released from feudal obligations • it offered an escape from their difficult lives • chance for adventure http://www.historyofjihad.org/crusade1.jpg

  8. Reasons to Serve: Others • Citizens who joined were exempted from taxes • People in debt did not have to pay interest while away • Prisoners were freed; those with death sentences were allowed to start a new life in conquerored territories http://dotgiri.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/dollar-sign.gif

  9. The First Crusade:The Peasants • Peasants grew impatient and formed their own army • Began in spring of 1096 • Attacked people, stole, and burned fields • Thought since Jewish people were not Christians, they were considered enemies and killed them http://www.pisymphony.com/BLOG/GRASS_BURN/burnfield1.jpg

  10. The First Crusade:The Peasants • 1/3 had died by the time they reached Constantinople • Byzantine emperor, Alexius, was upset that the Pope sent unskilled peasants; he wanted them out of his territory, so he gave them ships and supplies to fight the Turks in Asia Minor • Turks easily defeated them http://wiki.phantis.com/images/5/56/Alexius.jpg

  11. The First Crusade:The Nobles • In 1097, about 30,000 nobles and knights set out for Asia Minor • Defeated the Turks • Continued on to Syria, but many died due to starvation and the heat • On July 15, 1099, the remaining 12,000 crusaders reached Jerusalem http://www.wmo.int/pages/publications/meteoworld07/_archive/en/june2007/images/HEAT_WAVE_072605.jpg

  12. The First Crusade:The Nobles • went over the city walls • killed Turks, Jews, and other Christians • reports say that there was so much blood it ran knee-deep • captured and looted the city http://douglawrence.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/crusades.jpg

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