Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research

1. Critical review on sample size for data saturation An Academic presentation by Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, Tutors India Group www.tutorsindia.com Email: info@tutorsindia.com

2. INTRODUCTION : • The paper "Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A Systematic review of empirical tests", published in Social Science & Medicine, Volume 292, January 22, 114523, is a comprehensive systematic review of empirical studies that have tested the concept of saturation in qualitative research.

3. CRITIQUE • The paper examines across different fields and methodologies to identify the optimal sample size for achieving data saturation.  • One strength of the paper is its rigorous methodology • The authors searched several databases and screened studies based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. • The paper concludes that this can be achieved with relatively small sample sizes in some studies, while larger ones may be necessary for others identified several factors that can influence the sample size needed for saturation, Contd...

4. One potential limitation of the paper is that it does not provide clear guidance on determining the adequate sample size for qualitative research. • This could leave some researchers unsure of how to apply the findings of this review to their research. • Another limitation is that the review is focused exclusively on studies that have tested saturation in qualitative research. • While saturation is a fundamental concept in qualitative research, other factors beyond sample size may influence the quality and validity of qualitative data.

5. Complexity of the research question Factors affecting sample size in qualitative study Depth of the data Analytical approach Sample diversity

6. WHAT IS AN ADEQUATE SAMPLE SIZE ACCORDING TO THE PAPER? • The sample size in qualitative research is based on data saturation, where the researcher collects data until no new information or themes emerge. • The paper "Sample Sizes for Saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests" by Guest, Bunce, and Johnson (2022) aims to guide how to determine an adequate sample sizeBased on their review, the authors concluded that no fixed sample size guarantees saturation. • Instead, the sample size should be determined based on the complexity of the research question, the richness of the data, the diversity of the sample, and the analytical approach used

7. CONCLUSION • To conclude, the paper is a valuable contribution to the literature on sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research. • It emphasises the need for the researchers to carefully consider the contextual factors when determining the appropriate sample size for their study. • However, the paper's practical applicability may be constrained for some researchers due to the lack of specific guidelines on how to do this • The sample size in qualitative data is based on data saturation, wherein the data is collected until no new information can be gathered.

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