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Organic Compound Naming and Properties

This standardized test preparation chapter focuses on hydrocarbons, naming organic compounds, functional groups, and different types of reactions. It covers multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and extended response questions.

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Organic Compound Naming and Properties

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  1. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Preview Multiple Choice Short Answer Extended Response

  2. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 1. Which of the following hydrocarbons must be an alkane? • A.C2H2 • B.C5H10 • C.C7H12 • D.C14H30

  3. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 1. Which of the following hydrocarbons must be an alkane? • A.C2H2 • B.C5H10 • C.C7H12 • D. C14H30

  4. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 2. A hydrocarbon with the formula C8H18 is called • A.octene. • B.octyne. • C.octane. • D.propane.

  5. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 2. A hydrocarbon with the formula C8H18 is called • A.octene. • B.octyne. • C. octane. • D.propane.

  6. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 3. During a condensation polymerization reaction, • A.single bonds replace all double bonds that are present in the monomer. • B.water is often produced. • C.alcohol groups are formed. • D.an aldehyde group is changed to a ketone group.

  7. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 3. During a condensation polymerization reaction, • A.single bonds replace all double bonds that are present in the monomer. • B. water is often produced. • C.alcohol groups are formed. • D.an aldehyde group is changed to a ketone group.

  8. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 4. In naming an organic compound, we • A.should remember that naming the locations of all functional groups is optional. • B.do not consider the number of carbon atoms in the molecule as a factor. • C.begin by identifying and naming the longest hydrocarbon chain. • D.ignore side chains when we name the molecule.

  9. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 4. In naming an organic compound, we • A.should remember that naming the locations of all functional groups is optional. • B.do not consider the number of carbon atoms in the molecule as a factor. • C. begin by identifying and naming the longest hydrocarbon chain. • D.ignore side chains when we name the molecule.

  10. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 5. Which of the following compounds cannot have different isomers? • A.C7H16 • B.C5H10 • C.C3H8 • D.C6H12O6

  11. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 5. Which of the following compounds cannot have different isomers? • A.C7H16 • B.C5H10 • C. C3H8 • D.C6H12O6

  12. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 6. Compounds that differ only in the order in which the atoms are bonded together are called • A.condensation polymers. • B.addition polymers. • C.structural isomers. • D.geometric isomers.

  13. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 6. Compounds that differ only in the order in which the atoms are bonded together are called • A.condensation polymers. • B.addition polymers. • C. structural isomers. • D.geometric isomers.

  14. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 7. Examine the following structural formula. • The correct name for this compound is • A.2,2-dimethylbutane. • B.1,1,1-trimethylpropane. • C.2-ethyl-2-methylpropane. • D.3,3-dimethylbutane.

  15. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 7. Examine the following structural formula. • The correct name for this compound is • A. 2,2-dimethylbutane. • B.1,1,1-trimethylpropane. • C.2-ethyl-2-methylpropane. • D.3,3-dimethylbutane.

  16. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 8. Organic functional groups • A.give characteristic properties to compounds that contain them. • B.always contain oxygen. • C.always contain a double or triple bond. • D.are present in every organic compound.

  17. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Multiple Choice • 8. Organic functional groups • A. give characteristic properties to compounds that contain them. • B.always contain oxygen. • C.always contain a double or triple bond. • D.are present in every organic compound.

  18. 9. What feature must be present in a compound for it to undergo an addition reaction? Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Short Answer

  19. 9. What feature must be present in a compound for it to undergo an addition reaction? Answer:The compound must be unsaturated; that is, it must contain at least one double or triple bond. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Short Answer

  20. 10. Organic compounds of what class contain only two elements? Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Short Answer

  21. 10. Organic compounds of what class contain only two elements? Answer:hydrocarbons, which contain only hydrogen and oxygen Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Short Answer

  22. 11. Describe the difference between substitution reactions and addition reactions. Your answer should mention the degree of saturation of the organic compound. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Extended Response

  23. 11. Describe the difference between substitution reactions and addition reactions. Your answer should mention the degree of saturation of the organic compound. Answer:In a substitution reaction, one or more atoms replace an atom or group of atoms in a molecule, so the degree of saturation of the organic molecule is unchanged. In an addition reaction, additional atoms are added to a double or triple bond, so the degree of saturation increases. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Extended Response

  24. 12. Explain why some alkanes are gases, others are liquids, and still others are solids at room temperature. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Extended Response

  25. 12. Explain why some alkanes are gases, others are liquids, and still others are solids at room temperature. Answer:Very small alkane molecules have very weak London dispersion forces between them, so they are not held together tightly, so these low-mass alkanes are gases. Somewhat larger hydrocarbon molecules, such as those in gasoline and kerosene, have stronger London dispersion forces, so these molecules are held together in liquids. Alkanes that have very high molecular mass have much stronger London dispersion forces, so these compounds are solids. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter 22 Extended Response

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