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Learn about water conservation principles including reduction, reuse, and recharge to conserve water in Gold Ridge Resource Conservation District. Get insights on rainwater catchment, storage, and quality for efficient water use. Find solutions to lower overall water demand and adopt alternative water sources.
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Water conservation strategies Gold Ridge Resource Conservation District John Green, Lead Scientist www.goldridgercd.org July 2016
Principles 1. Conserve! • Be smart about water use, and you will use less 2. Collect and store water when it is plentiful • Rainwater catchment • Storage tanks 3. Get water into the ground. • Avoid practices that concentrate water • Embrace practices that disperse and infiltrate water
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle…
Reduce, Reuse, Recharge
Reduce… Overall water use • Indoor water efficiency • Low-flow fixtures • Efficient appliances
Reduce… Overall water use • Indoor water efficiency • Low-flow fixtures • Efficient appliances • Outdoor uses • Native or drought-tolerant plants • Efficient irrigation
Reduce… Demand on extractive sources • Water storage • Alternative sources • Rainwater
Is it legal to capture rainwater? • California Water Code §1201 • All water flowing in any natural channel… is hereby declared to be public water of the State and subject to appropriation in accordance with the provisions of this code. • State Water Resources Control Board • If you take water from a lake, river, stream, or creek, or from underground supplies for a beneficial use, the California Water Code (Division 2) requires that you have a water right. (http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/board_info/faqs.shtml#toc178761080)
Rainwater catchment basics • Target volume: How much water do you need? • Collection capacity: How much water can you collect? • Storage capacity: How much space is available to store water? Do other constraints exist? • Costs: How much will the infrastructure cost?
Rainwater catchment basics A 1,000 ft2 roof area will shed 623 gallons of water for each inch of rain that falls on it. So… in a 25-inch rainfall year, a 1,000-square-foot roof sheds nearly 16,000 gallons of water.
Water quality • Rainwater is very pure to start with • Contaminants usually derive from the roof or other catchment surface
Water quality • Gutter and downspout screens
Water quality • Gutter and downspout screens • First flush diverters
Water quality • Gutter and downspout screens • First flush diverters • Additional filtration is generally not necessary for non-potable uses
Reduce… • Reduces reliance on extractive sources of water • Water supply security • Diversification • Independence • Cost • Protection of natural resources
Reuse… Why do we use high-quality potable water drawn from extractive sources for purposes that don’t require it?
Reuse… Greywater systems • Laundry-to-landscape • Non-potable indoor uses
Recharge… Runoff!
Recharge… • Runoff • Flooding • Water pollution • Reduced recharge • Channel incision • Erosion • Degraded aquatic habitat • Aquifer damage
Recharge… • Runoff • Flooding • Water pollution • Reduced recharge • Channel incision • Erosion • Degraded aquatic habitat • Aquifer damage • Less water available during the dry season
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Compacted ground • Impervious surfaces • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Compacted ground • Impervious surfaces • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Compacted ground • Impervious surfaces • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Compacted ground • Impervious surfaces • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Compacted ground • Impervious surfaces • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Impervious surfaces • Compacted ground • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Compacted ground • Impervious surfaces • Roads
Recharge… • Sources of runoff • Impervious surfaces • Compacted ground • Roads
Identifying solutions • Water conservation to reduce overall demand • Identify alternative sources • Construct water storage to address the temporal mismatch between supply and demand
Resources • American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (www.arcsa.org) • Russian River Coho Water Resources Partnership (cohopartnership.org) • Salmon Creek Watershed Council (www.salmoncreekwater.org/water-conservation.html) • Sanctuary Forest (Mattole River) (sanctuaryforest.org/water-stewardship/) • Handbook for Forest, Ranch and Rural Roads (http://mcrcd.org/wp-content/uploads/Handbook_for_Forest_Ranch&Rural_Roads.pdf)