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Understanding LL(1) Properties and Examples

This informative guide explains LL(1) properties and criteria, such as the absence of ambiguous or left-recursive grammars, and provides examples to illustrate non-LL(1) grammar cases. Learn about key rules and characteristics of LL(1) grammars.

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Understanding LL(1) Properties and Examples

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  1. Properties of LL(1) • No ambiguous or left recursive grammar can be LL(1). • Grammar G is LL(1) iff whenever A| are two distinct productions of G and: • For no terminal a do both  and  derive strings beginning with a. FIRST()FIRST()= • At most one of  and  can derive the empty string. • If , the  does not derive any string beginning with a terminal in FOLLOW(A). FIRST(FOLLOW(A))FIRST(FOLLOW(A))= *

  2. LL(1) Grammars: Example

  3. Non-LL(1) Grammar: Example

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