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The First Five Centuries of Christianity: Growth, Persecution, and Theological Development

Explore the first five centuries of Christianity, from Jesus' command to preach through the early church's expansion, including Paul's missionary journeys. This overview highlights key theological centers like Alexandria and North Africa, featuring prominent figures such as Tertullian, Cyprian, and Augustine. We delve into conversions in Armenia and the tensions of the 3rd and 4th centuries, marked by notable persecutions under emperors like Nero and Diocletian. The legacy of Constantine's Edict of Milan and the Nicaea Council set the stage for Christianity's establishment as the state religion, shaping future theological discourse.

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The First Five Centuries of Christianity: Growth, Persecution, and Theological Development

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  1. The First Five Centuries

  2. Spread of Christianity

  3. I. Jesus’ command to go preach II. Acts—a history of the early church

  4. Paul’s 1st Journey

  5. Paul’s 2nd Journey

  6. Paul’s 3rd Journey -MAP Paul’s 3rd Journey

  7. Patristic Period

  8. Consolidation of Christianity I. Alexandria—center of theological education and distinctive theological perspective

  9. Antioch—Cappadocia—Turkey— A. It would become a leading center B. Associated with certain types of Christology—”Cappadocian Fathers”

  10. Western north Africa • Modern Algeria • Major writers would include Tertullian, Cyprian of Carthage, and Augustine of Hippo

  11. Spread of the Faith • Second century—growth in Asia Minor II. Third century--Major conversions—Armenians, Latins, North Africa

  12. IV. Persecutions—3rd-4th centuries A. Neroian persecution—confined chiefly to Rome B. Decius—250 C. Valerian--257 D. Diocletian—303

  13. Constantine North Park University

  14. North Park University

  15. In 312 Constantine “converted to Christianity • In 313, Constantine and Licius issued the Edict of Milan—toleration to Christians

  16. In 325 he called for the Council at Nicaea • Emperor Theodosius (378-95) declared Christianity as the state religion

  17. Julian the “apostate” (362-63)—tried to reestablish the old gods

  18. Theological Divisions

  19. Donatism—treatment of those who returned to the church • Arian—nature of Christ • Pelagian—sin and salvation

  20. Middle Ages700-1500

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