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Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade

Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade. Why was slavery widespread in Africa prior to 1440?. African concept of land ownership – no private property Kings create loyal following Spoils of war Social status. Characteristics of African Slavery. Slaves inherited Served variety of functions

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Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade

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  1. Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade

  2. Why was slavery widespread in Africa prior to 1440? • African concept of land ownership – no private property • Kings create loyal following • Spoils of war • Social status

  3. Characteristics of African Slavery • Slaves inherited • Served variety of functions • Better treatment than Europe

  4. What do Europeans find? • Slavery in all parts of Africa • Large numbers of slaves • Well developed slave trade markets/routes • Owners were usually merchants

  5. What do Europeans find? • African legal system conducive • **Political fragmentation

  6. Major Stages in Atlantic Slave Trade • Stage 1: 1441-1500 – Portuguese engage in slave trade • Sailed around tip of Africa • Domestic servitude • Africans held advantage in trade • 1000/YEAR

  7. Major Stages in Atlantic Slave Trade • Stage 2: 1500 – 1650 Expansion 1. Labor intensive agriculture in New World – Sugar cane

  8. Major Stages in Atlantic Slave Trade: Stage 2 2. Native Americans were ineffective • Not enough • Lack of Agricultural skills • Africans were more secure labor source • Role of Catholic Priests

  9. Results: • By 1650 37% of slaves went to Brazil and Americas • Slaves originally arrive as indentured servants • 2000/year between 1500-1650 • Dutch, French, English involved

  10. Stage 3: 1650 – 1800 (peak) Reasons for increase: • Growth of plantation economy • Price of slaves increases • Civil wars in Africa

  11. Civil wars in Africa • Guns • Commercial mindset of Africans • Rulers could not control trade

  12. By 1750 – 5% went to N.Amer. rest went to Americas • Every European nation involved • No laws prohibiting trade • Triangle trade institutionalized • 1400 – 1800 – 12 million slaves

  13. Stage 4: 1800’s (decline) • Age of Enlightenment & Revolutions • Humanitarian efforts and abolition • Great Britain • Industrial Age

  14. Triangle Trade Finished Sugar and Mol. Goods Rum and Guns Rice Slaves

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