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SEHS Option D1: 2 – Water and electrolyte balance

SEHS Option D1: 2 – Water and electrolyte balance. Why is water essential to humans? (and all living things). Is a universal solvent (all metabolic reactions take place in water (cytoplasm, plasma) Helps regulate body temperature

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SEHS Option D1: 2 – Water and electrolyte balance

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  1. SEHS Option D1: 2 – Water and electrolyte balance

  2. Why is water essential to humans? (and all living things) • Is a universal solvent (all metabolic reactions take place in water (cytoplasm, plasma) • Helps regulate body temperature • Enables the transport of substances essential for growth (primarily through the blood plasma) • Allows for exchange of nutrients and metabolic end products

  3. State where extracellular fluid can be located throughout the body

  4. Compare water distribution in trained and untrained individuals • Generally speaking: • Trained people have a greater overall percentage of their make-up as water, vs the untrained. WHY? • (THINK HYDROPHOBICALLY)

  5. What is homeostasis? • The monitoring of internal conditions (temp, pH, salinity, blood glucose, sodium…etc) and correcting via negative feedback mechanisms

  6. Homeostasis & Water Balance • Excretory system (Urinary System) fundamentals

  7. The Kidney and Nephron (multicellular functional unit)

  8. Nephron - Ultrastructure

  9. How the nephron creates urine: general scheme

  10. How blood is processed to make urine

  11. How the nephron creates HYPERTONIC urine

  12. The additional role of ADH in maintaining water balance in your blood

  13. How would you as an athlete, or as a trainer – monitor your athletes hydration status? • 1. Urine color

  14. 2. Urine osmolarity

  15. 3. Variation in body mass loss

  16. Explain why endurance athletes require a greater water intake • Do I have to?

  17. Discuss the regulation of electrolyte balance during acute and chronic exercise • Electrolyte - are minerals in the blood (and other body fluids) that carry an electric charge, such as sodium, potassium and calcium • Acute exercise - an exercise that is short-lived.Are meant to be less strenuous exercises for a shorter amount of time. Ex. It could be half an hour on the cross trainer or a few minutes skipping. • Chronic exercise - refers to continued exercise over a long period of time

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