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Key Factors in Developing Test Cycles for Fuel Consumption and Driving Energy

This report, prepared during the 10th DHC sub-group meeting in Brussels, highlights critical factors influencing fuel consumption and driving energy. It discusses the relationship between driving energy calculated in J/km and fuel consumption in L/km, emphasizing the significance of speed, acceleration, and time distribution in test cycles. Additionally, it explores the potential modification of test cycles to better reflect dynamics based on original methodologies and presents insights on the relationship between average speed and CO2 emissions, providing a framework for future developments in vehicle testing.

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Key Factors in Developing Test Cycles for Fuel Consumption and Driving Energy

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  1. The important factor to develop test cycle Prepared by Japan 10th DHC sub-group meeting under GRPE/WLTP informal group 11-12 October 2011 Brussels, Belgium

  2. Driving energy ◆In general, there are relationship between Fuel consumption (L/km) and Driving energy (Wh/km=J/km). Driving energy can be calculated as follows; (*) Work [Nm=J] ＝ Force * Dist.,Power [J/s=W] = Work / time (*) Driving energy [J/km]＝Cum. Work [Wh] / Dist. [km] ◆When the road gradient is small, it is able to estimate cosθ≒1，sinθ≒θ/100 Speed and frequency Speed*Acceleration and frequency

  3. The important factor • The important factors are “speed”, “speed * acceleration” and “Time (frequency)”. • It means that “speed-acceleration distribution” and “speed frequency distribution” are important. • DHC methodology • speed-acceleration distribution (the least X2 ) • speed frequency distribution • “Average speed”, “acc./dec./cruise/idle ratio”, RPA and so on

  4. Summary • RPA (Dynamics) is one of important factor. However we should also consider other parameter / frequency distribution.

  5. One idea • We can modify test cycle which have dynamics based on original method. At least XX% etc..

  6. Relationship between Average speed and CO2 emission CO2 = a * V2 + b * V + c * V-1 + C WLTC Low WLTC Middle Curve on transient cycle CO2 [g/km] WLTC total WLTC Ex-high Dynamics +/- 10% NEDC WLTC High 20 40 60 80 100 Average speed [km/h]

  7. Cold / Hot ratio NEDC Cold Hot 1200 sec WLTC Cold Hot 1800 sec Cold/Hot ratio should be considered

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