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APOLOGETICS

APOLOGETICS. INTRODUCTION. The Need for Apologetics. God told us to do apologetics 1 Peter 3:15 (the apologetic mandate) Readiness of intellect Readiness of attitude Pre-evangelism Acts 19:8 – people need persuading 2 Corinthians 10:3-5

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APOLOGETICS

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  1. APOLOGETICS INTRODUCTION

  2. The Need for Apologetics • God told us to do apologetics • 1 Peter 3:15 (the apologetic mandate) • Readiness of intellect • Readiness of attitude • Pre-evangelism • Acts 19:8 – people need persuading • 2 Corinthians 10:3-5 • Paul had a killer instinct, not against people, but against pretensions • Give no quarter • It’s a battleground, brother, not an amusement park

  3. Apologetics: Defending the Good News • The Gospel is not neutral • Matthew 10:34-36, 11:12, 16:18 • Defense is appropriate, when under attack • Philippians 1:7 and 1:16 • Jude 1:3 • Case study: David (1 Samuel 22) • Case study: The mighty men of valor (1 Samuel 23)

  4. Apologetics: Refute in order to Restore • Refute those who oppose, and encourage others in the process • Titus 1:9 • Proverbs 26:4-5 & 12 • Repentance is the ultimate goal • 2 Timothy 2:24-25 • Mercy and truth are in full accord • Jude 22 • Psalm 85:10 • John 1:17

  5. Apologetics: Reason Demands It • Who we are • Genesis 1:27 • Colossians 3:10 • Aristotle: Man is the rational animal • Jude 10

  6. Apologetics: The World Needs It Belief That _____ (Affirmation) Belief In _____ (Affection) • Romans 10:9-10 • Psalm 37:4-5 • Zephaniah 3:17

  7. Objections to Doing Apologetics • “The Bible doesn’t need to be defended.” • Hebrews 4:12 • “God can’t be known by human reason.” • Kierkegaard: “God is totally other.” • 1 Corinthians 1:21 • But what about • Romans 1:19-20? • Acts 1:3? • Romans 2:12-15? • John 20:31?

  8. More Objections to Doing Apologetics • “Natural humanity can’t understand.” • 1 Corinthians 2:14 • “Without faith one cannot please God. Why focus on reasons?” • Hebrews 11:6 • ‘We should be content to simply believe.” • Matthew 12:39 • But what about Exodus 4:1-9? Matthew 11:4-5? Acts 1:3? Acts 4:22? Hebrews 2:4?

  9. A Few More Objections to Doing Apologetics “Logic can’t tell us anything about God.” “Logic can’t prove the existence of anything.” “Reason is useless in religious matters.” “You can’t prove God by reason.” “No one is convinced through apologetics.”

  10. We Will Nonetheless Have to Do Apologetics Watchmen • Must announce impending danger: Ezekiel 33:6 • Must be able to face hostility: Hosea 9:8 • Must open the gate for the Shepherd and His Sheep: John 10:3 Case study: Apollos (Acts 18:24-28)

  11. Four Main Approaches To Apologetics Classical Apologetics • Philosophical arguments for God's existence are emphasized before turning to the specific case for Christian revelation claims. Evidential Apologetics • Empirical arguments about creation, the life, miracles, death and resurrection of Christ are presented as probabilistic proofs. Presuppositional Apologetics • Argues that belief in a biblical truth is a presupposition, and from that vantage point non-theistic assumptions are proven to be fallacious. Fideistic Apologetics • Argues that complete reliance on faith alone without evidence or reason is sufficient, for the core truths of Christianity present us with paradoxes irresolvable by reason.

  12. WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM THE MASTER APOLOGIST? DID YOU KNOW JESUS ASKED 153 QUESTIONS?

  13. Apologetics in the Bible • 1 Kings 18:20-40: In this passage, Elijah uses evidence to demonstrate to the false prophets of Baal that the God of Israel is the true God. • Isaiah 1:18: God exhorts Israel to utilize reason with Him in regards to their spiritual condition. • Isaiah 48:3-5: God gives a prophecy as an apologetic for His unsurpassed greatness.

  14. The term apologetics comes from the Greek word “apologia “ translated as “defense” in scripture Paul uses the term “apologia” in his trial speech to Festus and Agrippa when he says, “I make a defense..” (Acts 26:2) Philippians 1:7 Paul speaks of his mission as one of "defending and confirming the gospel." He added in verse 16, “I am put here for the defense of the gospel." (Phil 1:16)

  15. Apologetics in the Bible • Miracles in the Bible are connected directly or indirectly with “truth claims.” They are ways to tell a true prophet from a false prophet (Deut. 18:22). • They confirm the truth of God through the servant of God (Heb. 2:3–4). A miracle is the sign that confirms the sermon. The message and miracle go hand-in-hand. • Miracles have a distinctive purpose: to glorify the Creator and to provide evidence for people to believe by accrediting the message of God through the prophet of God.

  16. Apologetics in the Bible • Apologetics is also associated with polemics- the art of controversy and disputation. • Jesus and the Apostles were engaged in polemical debate. • This is not argument for the sake of argument; this is not a manifestation of an argumentative spirit; this is not indulging one’s prejudices.

  17. Apologetics in the Bible • Miracles confirmed the prophetic claim through Moses (Exodus 4:8-9). • Miracles also confirmed the apostolic claim (2 Corinthians 12:12) • Miracles confirmed the messianic claim (Matt 12: 38-39 ; Luke 7:20-22; John 3: 1-2; Acts 2:22).

  18. Apologetics in the Bible • The Apostles appealed to fulfilled prophecy and the resurrection as the basis for the evidence of Jesus’ Messiahship: Acts 2:14-32-39; 3:6-16, 4:8-14; 17:1-4; 26:26. • They also appealed to objective eyewitness testimony: Luke 1:2-4; John 1:14; 19:31-35-36; 20:24, 30-31; 2 Peter 1:16; 1 John 1:1-3. • When the Apostles had to reach out to the Gentile or pagan community, they appealed to nature: Acts 14:14-17; Romans 1:18-21.

  19. The Resurrection • Peter’s first sermon (Acts 2:22-40). • Peter’s sermon at temple (Acts 3:14, 26). • Resurrection was context of Peter’s message before Sanhedrin (Acts 4:10). • Paul (Acts 23:6 – 7) “I am on trial concerning the hope of the RESURRECTION of the dead.”

  20. ACTS 17 : 1-4 “Paul went into the synagogue explaining and giving evidence that THE MESSIAH HAD TO SUFFER AND RISE AGAIN FROM THE DEAD.” Paul cites Jesus' resurrection as the “proof” of the Messiah’s identity. ACTS 17 : 31 The resurrection is God’s display of the “proof” that Jesus has been appointed the judge of all mankind.

  21. Apologetics in the Bible • The book of Hebrews is addressed to a predominately Jewish audience. The apologetic in Hebrews is based on typology and the fulfillment of the Tanakh (the Old Testament). • John 20:31: We see in this passage that John’s purpose is apologetic. His purpose in writing is to defend the gospel and enable individuals to believe that Jesus is the Messiah who fulfills the Old Testament prophecies and who is substantiated by God-wrought miracles.

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