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Carly Nyst Head of International Advocacy

A race to the bottom? Trends in privacy and surveillance in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Carly Nyst Head of International Advocacy. Challenges to privacy. Surveillance, intelligence and law enforcement SIM card registration ID and Biometrics DNA databases.

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Carly Nyst Head of International Advocacy

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  1. A race to the bottom? Trends in privacy and surveillance in Asia, Africa and Latin America Carly Nyst Head of International Advocacy

  2. Challenges to privacy Surveillance, intelligence and law enforcement SIM card registration ID and Biometrics DNA databases

  3. Surveillance and interception trends • Increasingly permissive surveillance laws • Kenya (Prevention of Terrorism Act 2012): indefinite interception • Philippines (Cybercrime Prevention Act 2012) • Access to communications data • UK (Communications Data Bill 2012) • South Korea – 36 million times a year • Establishment of monitoring centres • India CMS • Uganda (Regulation of Interception of Communications Act 2010) • Kenya (Network Early Warning System (NEWS) to monitor incoming and outgoing email traffic)

  4. Direct access to telecommunications infrastructure • Colombia (Ministries of Justice and ICTs Decree 1704/2012) • NSA/GCHQ/Five Eyes spying arrangements • More power to intelligence services • Kenya (National Intelligence Services Act 2012) • South Africa (General Intelligence Laws Amendment Bill 2011) • Extraterritorial application of surveillance technologies • Pakistan (FTB 2012)

  5. New surveillance technologies

  6. SIM card registration • 48/54 countries in Africa require mandatory registration of SIM cards

  7. Identity cards and biometrics

  8. DNA databases

  9. Positive developments – data protection • Scaling back of data retention laws • “the globalisation of Convention 108” • Heading towards the ubiquity of data protection legislation • However, still regional weaknesses

  10. Data retention • Australia • Romania • Germany • Czech Republic • Argentina • Canada • Sweden • Austria (?) • Cf. African Union (?)

  11. Data protection – global landscape

  12. Data protection – Latin America Legislation existing in • Argentina (2000) • Chile (1999) • Colombia (2012) • Costa Rica (2011) • Mexico (2010) • Nicaragua (2012) • Peru (2011) • Uruguay (2008) • Draft bills in • Brazil • Dominica • Dominican republic • Grenada • Jamaica • Barbados • Cayman Islands

  13. Data Protection – Asia-Pacific Legislation existing in • Hong Kong (1995) • Japan (2003) • Malaysia (2010) • Nepal (2007) • Philippines (2012) • Singapore (2012) • Vietnam (2010) • Taiwan (2010) • New Zealand (2010) • Australia (2001) • Draft bills in • Thailand

  14. Data protection – Africa and Middle East Legislation existing in • Cape Verde (2001) • Ghana (212) • Morocco (2009) • Senegal (2008) • Tunisia (2004) • Yemen (2012) • Zimbabwe (2002) • Draft bills in • Tanzania • South Africa • Nigeria • Niger • Mali • Madagascar • Kenya

  15. The future?

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