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Aujoud’hui et Demain

This guide provides an in-depth overview of the future tense in French, detailing the conjugation patterns for regular verbs (-er, -ir, -re), irregular verbs, and how to construct sentences that describe upcoming events. It also explains the conditional tense, the use of "si" clauses, and introduces the subjunctive mood. Additionally, learn how English phrases translate into the future tense in French. This comprehensive resource enhances your understanding and application of French verb tenses for effective communication.

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Aujoud’hui et Demain

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  1. Aujoud’hui et Demain Anna Johnson Rachel Sternlicht Renée Waller

  2. La Grammaire

  3. Le Futur • To describe upcoming events • In English, formed with dual verbs • “I will fly” • French has full conjugation • “Je volerai”

  4. Conjugation: verb infinitive + aions as ez a ont • -er and –ir verbs • add correct ending directly to infinitive • -re verbs • dispose of final ‘e’ and add appropriate ending

  5. Examples • -er: danser – to dance danseraidanserons danserasdanserez danseradanseront • -ir: bondir – to leap bondiraibondirons bondirasbondirez bondirabondiront • -re: perdre – to lose perdraiperdrons perdrasperdrez perdraperdront

  6. Le Futur – irregular verbs acheter -> j’achèteraivouloir -> je voudrai être -> je seraisavoir -> je saurai avoir -> j’aurai aller -> j’irai faire -> je ferai pouvoir -> je pourrai voir -> je verrai venir -> je viendrai

  7. HOWEVER, English sentences which usually use the present tense after certain phrases use the futur in french • I will leave as soon as I finish (present) • Je partiraidèsque je finirai(futur) • Other Phrases Include: après que->afterlorsque ->when aussitôt que->as soonas quand ->when dès que ->as soonas une fois que ->once espérer que->to hopethat

  8. Best Part About the Future…. • The same irregular verbs and their stems are used to form the CONDITIONAL!

  9. Le Conditionnel • Describes unguaranteed events – dependent on other conditions • Use in polite requests • I would like some tea • Je voudraisdu thé

  10. Conjugation: Exactly like le futur (same stems, even irregular verbs) except with imperfect tense endings Infinitive + ais ions aisiez aitaient

  11. Si Clauses • If ….. Then…. • Can be reversed but ‘si’ must always stay with the verb it is added to • Si + present ,present • Si + present ,futur • Si + imperfect , conditional

  12. present/present – factual, happens regularly • If I am sad, I eat chocolate. • Si je suistriste, je mange du chocolat. • Reverse: Je mange du chocolatsije suistriste. • present/futur – likely to occur • If you fall, I will help you. • Si tutombe, je t’aiderai. • Reverse: Je t’aideraisitutombe. • imperfect/conditional – unlikely to occur –> this would happen • If I had the time, I would do it. • Si j'avais le temps, je le ferais. • Reverse: Je le ferais si j’avais le temps.

  13. Le Subjonctif • After a subjective, not indicative clause • Entirely different umbrella, man. • Won’t necessarily happen!! Doubtful, uncertain Subjunctive Indicative

  14. Conjugation: • ils form present tense • drop –entending • Add subjunctive ending • Example: • They study • Ilsetudient • Ilsetudi/ • T’etudies – you study (but you might not)

  15. Subjunctive Endings -e -ions -es-iez -e -ent • Usually follows a commanding phrase such as “ilestimportanteque…” or “ilfautque…” • Does not necessarily mean that the action will be done

  16. Irregular Conjugations êtrealler soissoyonsailleallions soissoyezaillesalliez soitsoientailleaillent avoirfaire aieayonsfassefassions aiesayezfassesfassiez aitaientfassefassent

  17. More Irregular Subjunctive Conjugations savoirvouloir sachesachionsveuillevoulions sachessachiezveuillesvouliez sachesachentveuilleveuillent pouvoirpleuvoir – ilpleuve puissepuissions puissespuissiezfalloir – il faille puissepuissent

  18. Devoir • Overarching verb definition: • to have to *obligation and probability* *expecation and inevitability* • Noun: • Le devoir • Homework, duty

  19. Basic Conjugations Present Subjontif Je dois Nous devons Je doive Nous devions TudoisVousdevezTudoivesVousdeviez Il devraIlsdoivent Il doiveIlsdoivent Futur Past Participle Je devrai Nous devronsdû TudevrasVousdevrez Il devraIlsdevront

  20. Obligation & Necessity • Must, have, need to • Ellesdoivent manger. • Probability & Suppostion • Should, will probably • Nous devonsgagner plus cetteannée. • Expectaion & Intention • Supposed to • Je devaisaller avec eux. • Fatalism & Inevitability • Had to, bound to • Il devaitperdre un jour.

  21. Used to differentiate Must vs. Should • Must: add absolument or vraiment • Je doisabsolumentpartir. • I must leave. • Should: conditional of devoir • Tudevraispartir • You should leave.

  22. As a transitive verb, not followed by a verb…. “Pierre me doit 10 Euros.” …. Means “to owe”. Exemple: “Jinx, tu me dois un Coca!”

  23. Les verbessortir, partir, quitter, laisser: des significations différentes • Sortir- to go out, to get out of something, or to get something out • Je sorscesoir. • Tudoissortir de l’eau. • Nous allonssortir en bicyclette. • Il doitsortir la voiture du garage.

  24. Partir– to leave in a general sense • Cannot be followed by a direct object but can be followed by a preposition and an indefinite object • Nous partonsjeudi. • Ilspartent de Paris. • Je suisparti pour le Quebec.

  25. Quitter - to leave someone or something • must be followed by a direct object • Ilsquittent la France. • Il quittesa femme. • You can say: Ne quittez pas! (Don’t hang up!)

  26. Laisser– to leave something, as in not taking it. can also mean to leave someone alone. • J’ailaissémon sac chez Luc. • Laissez-moi du gâteau! • Laissez-moitranquille!

  27. Les pronoms: y et en • ‘y’ – place, location • “there” • ‘en’ – quantity, number • “some” or “any” • ‘y’ usually replaces à, chez, or dans • ‘en’ usually replaces de

  28. Examples of ‘y’ • We are going to the theater. • Nous allons au théâtre. • Nous y allons. • Examples of ‘en’ • I wouldlikesomeflowers. • Je voudrais du fleurs. • J’en voudrais.

  29. Pronoun Placement a.k.a. THE CHART

  30. Emphatic Pronouns Emphasizes a noun or a pronoun referring to a person • Used if there are more than one person • Lawrence et moifont jardineraujourd'hui. • Also used with ‘même’ • Lui-même– himself • Moi-même - myself • To indicate possession • Quels enfant est à toi?

  31. Moi - me Toi - you Lui - him Elle – her Soi - oneself Nous - us Vous - you Eux – them (m) Elles – them (f)

  32. c’est/cesont vs. ilest/ilssont • C’est/cesont: describes a situation, with a modified adverb, with a modified noun, or with a proper name • C’est normal. • C’est trop tard. • C’estune bonne actrice. • C’est Madame Thompson!

  33. Il est/ilssont: describes people with an unmodified adverb, unmodified noun, or with a prepostional phrase • Elle estintelligente. • Il esttard. • Il estavocat. • Elle est en France.

  34. La proverbe

  35. <<Dis-moi qui tuhantes, je tedirai qui tues>>

  36. Some Quizzes • http://french.about.com/library/weekly/aa032500t.htm • http://french.about.com/library/verb/bl-toleavet.htm

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